The growth and quality of natural seedlings are important goals forest management in uneven-aged high stands. In this study, the recovery process physical chemical properties soil, as well variables beech on skid trails after skidding operations three time periods (10, 20, 30 years) were investigated Hyrcanian forests Iran. Results revealed that soil (organic C, total N, pH) fully recovered 20 ...

we studied 11 gaps covered with beech saplings (< 1.30 m tall) in a reserve compartment (compartment 139, district one, langa forest, watershed 36: kazemrood) of the caspian beech forest in n iran. two transects, each 2 m wide, were laid along the longest (n-s) and shortest (e-w) axis of each gap. five micro sample plots, each 4 m2, were established: one at the center, and one at each corner. q...

Ahşap, yaygın olarak kullanılan en eski yapı malzemelerden birisidir. Farklı alanlarda da farklı amaçlarla kullanımına yönelik giderek artan bir talep vardır. Bu talebi karşılayabilmek için ahşap esaslı yapısal kompozitler geliştirilmiştir. çalışmada, ısıl işlem uygulanmış ve fenol formaldehit (FF) tutkalı kullanılarak karbon cam elyaf ile güçlendirilmiş kayın (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) kompozit...

In this work, the surface characteristics of Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis L.) wood impregnated with Korasit KS, a water-based and copper-containing impregnation substance, were examined after three months natural weathering. The material was penetrated into at 3% 6% concentration levels according to ASTM D 1413-07 (ASTM 2007) standard. According results obtained, L* values all samples decre...

Sapele, pine, limba, iroko, beech, and oak wood species are important used indoors outdoors, as supplied by furniture companies. It is known that the color changes in material when exposed to external environment. This an factor for outdoor use of material. In this study, parameters Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), oriental beech (Fagus orientalis limba (Terminalia superba Engl. et Diels), sa...