The crystalline swelling of smectites in electrolyte solutions can be controlled by varying the salt concentration of the solutions (Norrish and Quirk 1954, Norrish 1954a, Slade et al 1991). Such osmotic control offers a convenient means of studying the energetics of crystalline swelling. Several X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques have been developed for measuring the basal spacing of smectites...

Preparation of bentonite clay–coconut husk composite (BECH) via microwave-assisted carbonization, the activation BECH with HCl (BECH-H) and KOH (BECH-K) adsorption ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, bisphenol A from aqueous solutions.

Smectites are the most commonly found clay mineral in many temperate region soils.It exhibits variability in shrink – swell behavior and sorption of organic molecules. Previousresearch has established the relationship between extent of swelling and sorption of organiccompounds by smectites. The effect of the interlayer cation on sorption of organiccompounds and the inter-rel...

The extensive use of non-biodegradable plastic products has resulted in significant environmental problems caused by their accumulation landfills and proliferation into water bodies. Biodegradable polymers offer a potential solution to mitigate these issues through the utilization renewable resources which are abundantly available biodegradable, making them environmentally friendly. However, bi...

Ninety-six crossbred weanling pigs (36 d of age, initial weight of 8.8 kg) were used in a three-phase study to determine the effects of feeding an aflatoxin-contaminated corn (AC) diet (922 ppb of aflatoxin B1) with and without sodium bentonite (clay) on performance, liver function, and mineral metabolism. In the nursery phase, control corn (NC) or AC was fed in corn-soybean meal diets with and...

Prior studies of clay-virus interactions have focused on the stability and infectivity of nonenveloped viruses, yielding contradictory results. We hypothesize that the surface charge distribution of the clay and virus envelope dictates how the components react and affect aggregation, viral stability, and infectivity. The bacteriophage Cystoviridae species φ6 used in this study is a good model f...

The filtration behaviour of some clay–water dispersions was studied. Two Spanish fibrous phyllosilicates (sepiolite from Vicálvaro and palygorskite from Turón) and a commercial bentonite (Bentopharm©, UK) with similar sizes and different morphologies (fibrous and/or laminar) were selected as model clays. Sepiolite from Vicálvaro is an almost pure fibrous sample, Bentopharm© presents a high amou...

Abstract Compacted clays are commonly utilized as landfill liners due to their impermeable properties, however, the availability of natural clay soil may be difficult or prohibitively expensive in some regions thanks expense transportation, local regulation. As an alternative hydraulic barrier, a compacted mixture sand with low percentage bentonite (6% 14%) was used. The purpose this research i...