We investigate the vibrational shift of beryllium oxide (BeO) in Xe matrix as well as in Ar matrix environments by mixed quantum-classical simulation and examine the origin of spectral shift in details. BeO is known to form strong chemical complex with single rare gas atom, and it is predicted from the gas phase calculations that vibrational frequencies are blueshifted by 78 cm(-1) and 80 cm(-1...

Hypersensitivity to beryllium (Be) is found in 1-16% of exposed workers undergoing immunological screening for beryllium disease using the beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT). However, only approximately 50% of BeLPT-positive workers present with lung granulomas (i.e. berylliosis). As berylliosis is associated with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DP supratypic marker DPGlu69, the ...

The potential hazards from exposure to beryllium or beryllium compounds in the workplace were first reported in the 1930s. The tritiated thymidine beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT) is an in vitro blood test that is widely used to screen beryllium exposed workers in the nuclear industry for sensitivity to beryllium. Newman [18] has discussed the clinical significance of the BeLPT a...

Beryllium-7 is a cosmogenic radionuclide produced in the atmosphere through the spallation of nitrogen and oxygen nuclei by cosmic-ray-produced neutrons and protons. It is carried in the atmosphere attached to aerosols and is deposited on land and ocean surfaces by wet and dry deposition processes. Beryllium-7 decays by electron capture to lithium-7 and has a half-life of approximately 53 days....

With the advent of in vitro immunologic testing, we can now detect exposed individuals who are sensitized to beryllium and those who have chronic beryllium disease (CBD) with lung pathology and impairment. Earlier detection and more accurate diagnostic tools raise new questions about the natural history of sensitization and granulomatous disease. Preliminary data suggest that early detection id...

Beryllium, some of its alloys, and a variety of its compounds have induced malignant tumors of the lung and osteogenic sarcoma in experimental animals. Three animal species, monkeys, rabbits, and rats, have been shown to be susceptible. Beryllium induces morphological transformation in mammalian cells and enhances viral transformation of mammalian cells. It has been shown to decrease fidelity o...

Monkeys and dogs were used in a series of studies designed to assess the ability of aurin tricarboxylic acid (ATA) to provide protection against acute beryllium poisoning. The acute LD50 of ATA was found to be 344 mgA/g for monkeys and 164 mg/kg for dogs. Neither species exhibited significant hematological changes when given weekly ATA doses of 25 mg/kg over an 8-month period. The lethal intrav...

OBJECTIVE The study was designed to investigate whether beryllium exposure was related to illness diagnosed as sarcoidosis. Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) and sarcoidosis are clinically and pathologically indistinguishable, with only the presence of beryllium-specific T-lymphocytes identifying CBD. Testing for such cells is not feasible in community studies of sarcoidosis but a second characte...

The toxic effects of beryllium salts have been studied on the reproductive organs of cyclic adult female albino rats; simultaneously an attempt has been made to overcome these effects by using an Ayurvedic remedy Liv.52 (The Himalaya Drug Co., Bombay). Liv.52-primed rats (1 ml/rat/d for 15 days) were exposed to beryllium nitrate intravenously and were sacrificed at different time intervals. At ...

The 2-D and 3-D neutronics models for 10 MW nuclear research reactor of MTR type have been developed and presented in this paper. Our results agree very well with the results of seven countries mentioned in the IAEA-TECDOC233. To study the effect of reflector types on the reactor effective multiplication factor, five types of reflectors such as pure beryllium, beryllium, heavy water, carbon and...