Brefeldin A (BFA), a specific inhibitor of Golgi-mediated secretion in animal cells, has been used to study the organization of the secretory pathway and the function of the Golgi apparatus in plant cells. To this end, we have employed a combination of electron microscopical, immunocytochemical, and biochemical techniques to investigate the effects of this drug on the architecture of the Golgi ...

Biomass-fuelled facilities generate alkaline and mineral-/nutrient-enriched co-product (ash) that has to be appropriately managed, preferably reused. The assumption wood biomass fly ash (BFA) could used in chemical amelioration of soil acidity fertility was tested by: i) physicochemical characterisation BFA ii) bioassay with maize grown acidic (pHKCl 4.68) hydromorphic amended (0–10% w/w). Scan...

The pathways of synaptic vesicle (SV) biogenesis and recycling are still poorly understood. We have studied the effects of Brefeldin A (BFA) on the distribution of several SV membrane proteins (synaptophysin, synaptotagmin, synaptobrevin, p29, SV2 and rab3A) and on endosomal markers to investigate the relationship between SVs and the membranes with which they interact in cultured hippocampal ne...

Background: The release of lead dust during the processing of lead-gold ore has become an environmental threat. Therefore the protection of miners’ health and their environment required remediation which can be achieved by ranking the risk posed by lead in order to prioritize the allocation of resources during remediation. Methods: Soil and water samples were collected at BRC, BRG, BVC, ...

Intercellular gap junction channels are thought to form when oligomers of connexins from one cell (connexons) register and pair with connexons from a neighboring cell en route to forming tightly packed arrays (plaques). In the current study we used the rat mammary BICR-M1Rk tumor cell line to examine the trafficking, maturation, and kinetics of connexin43 (Cx43). Cx43 was conclusively shown to ...

this paper presents a new hybrid particle swarm optimization with time varying acceleration coefficients (hpsotvac) and bacteria foraging algorithm (bfa) namely (psotvac/bfa) base fuzzy stochastic long term approach for determining optimum location and size of distributed energy resources (ders). the monte carlo simulation method is used to model the uncertainties associated with long-term load...

This paper presents a new Hybrid Particle Swarm optimization with Time Varying Acceleration Coefficients (HPSOTVAC) and Bacteria Foraging Algorithm (BFA) namely (PSOTVAC/BFA) base fuzzy stochastic long term approach for determining optimum location and size of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). The Monte Carlo simulation method is used to model the uncertainties associated with long-term load...

In this protocol we describe a quantitative biochemical assay to assess the efficiency of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to Golgi protein transport in adipocytes (Bruno et al., 2016). The assay takes advantage of the fact that adipocytes secrete various bioactive proteins, known as adipokines. As a measure of ER to Golgi flux we determine the rate of bulk secretion of the adipokine adipsin post was...

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) techniques are increasingly employed for PWM inverter fed induction motor drive. Among various popular PWM methods used, Selective Harmonic Elimination PWM (SHEPWM) has been widely accepted for its better harmonic elimination capability. In addition, using SHEPWM, it is also possible to maintain better voltage regulation. Hence, in this paper, an attempt has been ma...

present study deals with the adsorption of glycolic acid (ga) from aqueous solutions by using bagasse fly ash (bfa). bfa is a solid waste generated from bagasse fired boilers and can be used as an adsorbent. batch adsorption studies were carried out to evaluate the effect of various parameters like adsorbent dose, contact time, initial concentration and temperature on the removal of ga from aq...