Although river dikes still play a key role for flood protection in the Netherlands there is a growing interest for other measures to deal with larger peak discharges, such as lowering or widening the floodplains. Regardless of the strategy chosen the assessment of its effect on the flood risk depends on the peak discharge statistics. A problem here is that the statistical analysis of peak disch...

Two outfalls, each with given tidally averaged discharge rates, are discharging into the same narrow (rapidly mixed) estuary. The lowest achievable concentration peak (in position and time) for the principal contaminant species is attained with an ‘all or nothing’ discharging policy. The discharge rate is either ‘all’ that is allowed by concentration peak or is nothing. The ‘nothing’ regime cor...

parameters as interception, infiltration, water storage on surface holes and soil profile, evapotranspiration are factors of loss water in a watershed and avoid from changing of precipitation to runoff. in this study, by use of hec-hms model and comparison of results of different methods of precipitation loss evaluation (initial and constant, green & ampt, scs curve number, deficit & constant a...

Talking silently to ourselves occupies much of our mental lives, yet the mechanisms underlying this experience remain unclear. The following experiments provide behavioral evidence that the auditory content of inner speech is provided by corollary discharge. Corollary discharge is the motor system's prediction of the sensory consequences of its actions. This prediction can bias perception of ot...

one of the most appropriate approaches for flood forecasting is using peak discharge data of hydrometric stations in each region. however, lack of such stations or short duration of data in most parts of the country, make it necessary to use some alternative methods in order to estimate the flood discharge properly. one of these approaches is regional flood analysis method that in a region usin...