During binocular rivalry visual consciousness fluctuates between two dissimilar monocular images. We investigated the role of attention in this phenomenon by comparing event-related potentials (ERPs) when binocular-rivalry stimuli were attended with when they were unattended. Stimuli were dichoptic, orthogonal gratings that yielded binocular rivalry and dioptic, identically oriented gratings th...

The majority of neurons in the primary visual cortex of primates can be activated by stimulation of either eye; moreover, the monocular receptive fields of such neurons are located in about the same region of visual space. These well-known facts imply that binocular convergence in visual cortex can explain our cyclopean view of the world. To test the adequacy of this assumption, we examined how...

PURPOSE To evaluate the impact of degrading binocular single vision (BSV) on performance of fine visuomotor skill tasks requiring speed/accuracy. METHODS Binocular functions (Frisby/Preschool Randot [PSR] stereoacuity, horizontal phasic prism fusion amplitudes) were measured in visually normal participants aged 18 to 40 years (n = 80). Participants performed 2-timed visuomotor tasks: water po...

PURPOSE Develop a paradigm to map binocular perceptual visual distortions in adult amblyopes and visually normal controls, measure their stability over time, and determine the relationship between strength of binocular single vision and distortion magnitude. METHODS Perceptual visual distortions were measured in 24 strabismic, anisometropic, or microtropic amblyopes (interocular acuity differ...

The changes in apparent brightness or color, induced into a test spot by a surround, can be greatly enhanced either by flickering the test spot between two luminances, or by binocularly fusing a pair of test spots of different luminances. Simultaneous contrast, in which a white surround makes a grey spot look darker, is greatly enhanced if the spot (not the surround) flickers between black and ...

The human visual system usually receives input from two eyes that each capture a slightly different perspective of the world. Conscious visual perception, on the other hand, is unitary, and the brain uses the minor disparity between the two retinal projections as an important cue to reconstruct and perceive depth. This mechanism of binocular fusion falls apart when the input to the two eyes bec...

A neural model of binocular vision is developed to simulate psychophysical and neurobiological data concerning the dynamics of binocular disparity processing. 'I'he model shows how l'ccdforward a.nd feedback interactions among LGN ON and OFF cells and cortical simple, cornplex, and hypercomplex cells can simulate binocular summation, the Pulfrich effect, and the fusion of delayed anticorrelated...

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of thresholds on binocular summation for detection and resolution of parallel-line targets of different widths. METHODS The automatic perimeter Octopus 201 (Haag-Streit International, Köniz, Switzerland) combined with a modified haploscope device and targets consisting of parallel lines that were 10' (10' target), 2.5' (2.5' target), or 1.43' (1.43' target) o...