This paper presents the first worldwide inter-laboratory comparison of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) for nanoparticle sizing. The measurands in this comparison are the mean particle radius, the width of the size distribution and the particle concentration. The investigated sample consists of dispersed silver nanoparticles, surrounded by a stabilizing polymeric shell of poly(acrylic acid)....

Harmonization of clinical laboratory results means that results are comparable irrespective of the measurement procedure used and where or when a measurement was made. Harmonization of test results includes consideration of pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical aspects. Progress has been made in each of these aspects, but there is currently poor coordination of the effort among differ...

Given the critical role of pure, organic compound primary reference standards used to characterize and certify chemical Certified Reference Materials (CRMs), it is essential that associated mass purity assessments be fit-for-purpose, represented by an appropriate uncertainty interval, and metrologically sound. The mass fraction purities (% g/g) of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) reference standar...

Calibration is central to most measurement procedures. This is especially true in those cases where a large number of difficult-to-identify and difficult-to-control factors hinder the experimenters in their efforts to obtain reliable measurement results. Dimensional measurements of features on the microand nano-scale is one such case. A white light interferometer (WLI) microscope can perform me...

abstract background: primary hyperparathyroidism is autonomous production of parathyroid hormone. after removal of adenoma, one of the surgeons concern is postoperative hypocalcaemia. there is no precise method to determine if patients have hypocalcaemia postoperatively. the purpose of this study was to determine the relation between parathyroid adenoma weights, postoperative serum calcium and ...

background: the challenge of antiepileptic drugs (aeds) management is to attain the best compromise between the desire to maximize seizure control and the need to keep side‑effects within tolerable limits for the individual patient. to reduce devastation in iranian epileptic patients, the aim of this study was to explore the overall outcome following aeds prescription. methods: a cross‑sectiona...

introduction: cupping therapy (hejamat) is one of the therapeutic methods used in traditional medicine that it is still common in many of the contemporary societies. in spite of the progress of science, we have less information on the traditional and alternative medicine including cupping.   with the study of mechanism of action of cupping, it will be more convincing for the traditional medicin...

introduction: cyclophosphamide is a chemotherapy drug with several side effects on various organs such as male reproductive system that can cause infertility. in this study, we assessed combined effect of ginger and pumpkin extractson rat testis after cp injection. methods: forty adult male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group received intraperitoneal injection of isotoni...

introduction: the effect of fluid and food restrictions on biochemical substances relating to the renal and bone function of pregnant women is not well defined. the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of fluid and food restriction on the following substances in pregnant fasting women during ramadan: blood urea nitrogen (bun), creatinine (cr), calcium (ca), phosphorus (p), and alkal...

the elm leaf beetle xanthogaleruca luteola müller (coleoptera: chrysomelidae), is a serious pest of elm (ulmus spp.) throughout iran. in the present study, lethal and sublethal effects of neem, achook® containing 0.03% azadirachtin, were assessed on mortality, growth, larval weight and feeding deterrence as well as enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities of third instar larvae of the elm leaf be...