BACKGROUND/AIMS Propofol induced sedation with bispectral index (BIS) monitoring has been reported to lead to higher satisfaction in patients and endoscopists during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) procedures. There are no data, however, regarding the efficacy of midazolam and meperidine (M/M) induced sedation with BIS monitoring during ESD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whet...

BACKGROUND Awareness is a serious complication of general anesthesia. In China, the incidence of intraoperative awareness was 1% in patients undergoing total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). In this study, we compared the incidence of awareness between Bispectral index (BIS)-guided and routine TIVA protocol and evaluated the effect of BIS on preventing awareness. METHODS A prospective, randomiz...

Bis(7)-tacrine is a potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor in which two tacrine molecules are linked by a heptylene chain. We tested the effects of bis(7)-tacrine on the spontaneous synaptic activity. Miniature endplate potentials (MEPPs) were recorded extracellularly on slices of electric organ of Torpedo marmorata. Bis(7)-tacrine, at a concentration of 100 nM, increased the magnitudes that des...

We have studied the effect of nitrous oxide on bispectral index (BIS), calculated from a bipolar encephalogram. Inhalation of 70% nitrous oxide resulted in loss of consciousness in all healthy volunteers (n = 10) but no change in BIS. Brief inhalation up to 1.2% sevoflurane also resulted in loss of consciousness in volunteers (n = 5), but with sevoflurane, BIS decreased. BIS and the haemodynami...

This study provides a better understanding of BIS use by extending the most commonly used dimension of measuring usage, that is the intensity of use, to the extent of use and embeddedness of BIS. We further introduce focus on the customer as a predictor in addition to the combined impact of the established acceptance and use determinants, which has not previously been studied. The conceptual BI...

BACKGROUND Bispectral index has been introduced to provide optimal level of anesthesia. However, Bispectral index monitoring may not be cost effective in a relatively short procedures due to the high costs of the electrode. The authors conducted the present study to compare the feasibility of commercially available electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes instead of the Bispectral index (BIS) monitor...

The Bcl-2 interacting death suppressor (Bis) protein is known to be involved in a variety of pathophysiological conditions. We recently generated bis-deficient mice, which exhibited early lethality with typical nutritional deprivation status. To further investigate the molecular basis for the malnutrition phenotype of bis deficient mice, we explored Bis expression in the digestive system of nor...

Editor’s key points † The influence of electromyographic (EMG) activity neuromuscular block (NMB) on bispectral index (BIS) is controversial. † BIS was measured before and after reversal of NMB with sugammadex or neostigmine. † BIS increased after both agents only in patients with EMG activity. † This effect should be taken into account when using BIS. Background. Sugammadex is a modified g-cyc...

A facile three step synthesis of a group of N1,N5-bis[4-(5-alkyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)phenyl]glutaramides, N1,N5-bis[4-(1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)phenyl]glutaramide and N1,N5-bis[4-(5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)phenyl]glutaramide is described. These products are designed to function as masked bis-amidine prodrugs of a promising N1,N5-bis[4-(N'-(carbamimidoyl)phenyl]glutaramide antifungal l...