It has long been known that despite well-documented improvements in longevity for most Americans, alarming disparities persist among racial groups and between the well-educated and those with less education. In this article we update estimates of the impact of race and education on past and present life expectancy, examine trends in disparities from 1990 through 2008, and place observed dispari...

Racial and ethnic differences in health status are well documented (Lillie-Blanton, Parsons, Gayle, & Dievler, 1996; Williams, Yu, Jackson, & Anderson, 1997). In 1999 Black Americans developed AIDS at a rate of 84.2 per 100,000 population, compared to Asian/Pacific Islander Americans who developed the same disease at a much lower rate of 4.3 per 100,000 population (Centers for Disease Control a...

Sustainable methods for managing waste associated with people and animals have been proposed in the past. Black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L.), larvae represent one of the more promising methods. Larvae reduce dry matter, bacteria, offensive odor, and house fly populations. Prepupae can be used as feedstuff for livestock. However, it is not known if such a method results in the proliferati...

Butyl rubber stoppers as compared with neoprene or black rubber stoppers significantly increased the shelf life of prereduced, anaerobically sterilized media for growth of obligately anaerobic bacteria.

South Africa (SA) is undergoing a rapid epidemiological transition and has the highest prevalence of obesity in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with black women being the most affected (obesity prevalence 31.8%). Although genetic factors are important, socio-cultural, environmental and behavioural factors, as well as the influence of socio-economic status, more likely explain the high prevalence of o...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study is to analyze national and institutional trends in shoulder arthroplasty utilization by race. METHODS The Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) was analyzed to determine racial trends in shoulder arthroplasty utilization nationally. An institutional database was then utilized to retrospectively identify all patients undergoing shoulder arthr...

black humor plays a crucial role in fulfilling langston hughes's anti-racist purposes as an integral notionin his poetry. accordingly, translation(s) of his poetry are to benefit from the same indexes onthe basis of equivalent effect principle. on this account, 33 black-humor-rich poems of hughes, translatedby ahmad shamloo, yaghma golruee and hassan fayyad, were selected to be analyzed contras...

This study explored prevalence rates and factors associated with lifetime severe physical intimate partner violence among U.S. Black women. Data from the National Survey of American Life were examined. Rates of severe physical intimate partner violence were higher among African American women compared with U.S. Caribbean Black women. Risk factors associated with reported abuse were similar to t...

Late-life depression is a public health problem in the United States. Untreated, depression contributes to poorer health outcomes and increased mortality among older adults. Specifically, Black older adults are at higher risk for misdiagnosis, undertreatment, and more severe depressive symptomatology than other groups. Barriers to identification and treatment of depression in Black older adults...

Many real-life applications lead to the definition of robust optimization problems where the objective function is a black box. This may be due, for example, to the fact that the objective function is evaluated through computer simulations, and that some parameters are uncertain. When this is the case, existing algorithms for optimization are not able to provide good-quality solutions in genera...