Over the years a number of powerful people detectors have been proposed. While it is standard to test complete detectors on publicly available datasets, it is often unclear how the di erent components (e.g. features and classi ers) of the respective detectors compare. Therefore, this paper contributes a systematic comparison of the most prominent and successful people detectors. Based on this e...

In this paper we give a new approach to the concepts of glyph and character, applied to the study of the Unicode encoding. After a thorough discussion of these two concepts, we describe the other fundamental ingredients of the encoding: privileged glyphs, character descriptions, combining characters, and properties. In each case we try to show the importance of the given notion and at the same ...

A survey was conducted on the use of ICT by visually impaired people. Among 304 respondents, 81 used smartphones and 44, tablets. Blind people used feature phones at a higher rate and smartphones and tablets at lower rates than people with low vision. The most popular smartphone model was iPhone and the most popular tablet model was iPad. While almost all blind users used the speech output acce...

Maintaining orientation while traveling in complex or unknown environments is a challenging task for visually impaired (VI) pedestrians. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to assist blind people during navigation between waypoints (walk straight) with tactors on their wrists. Our main goal is to decrease the cognitive load needed by blind people to follow instructions in overloaded envi...

1+ Author’s email address Blind people are deprived from a wide set of information about the surrounding environment. This is a reality for places, objects and people. In particular, if social norms are disrespected, the blind person is likely to miss out the presence and absence of people in the same room or passing by. Current mobile devices provide a bundle of sensors that are able to provid...

The model used to navigate around diagrams presented in sound is vital to task performance. It is unclear whether presenting position information of the elements is beneficial; a simple method of position presentation was shown to have no benefit. This thesis looks at several aspects of presentation of diagram to blind people using sound. The type of diagram that is used throughout the thesis w...

Indoor navigation systems must deal with absence of GPS signals, since they are only available in outdoor environments. Therefore, indoor systems have to rely upon other techniques for positioning users. Recently various indoor navigation systems have been designed and developed to help visually impaired people. In this paper an overview of some existing indoor navigation systems for visually i...

This paper presents the development of a portable system with the aim of allowing blind people to detect and recognize Euro banknotes. The developed device is based on a Raspberry Pi electronic instrument and a Raspberry Pi camera, Pi NoIR (No Infrared filter) dotted with additional infrared light, which is embedded into a pair of sunglasses that permit blind and visually impaired people to ind...

This paper is the review of different navigation systems for the blind and visually impaired people. Navigator would detect an object or obstacle for blind person, guide them and help them travel in familiar and unfamiliar environments independently and safely. The main concept is that the Blind navigation system must take operation when it is needed. There are many navigation systems for visua...

Some people can echolocate by making sonar emissions (e.g., mouth-clicks, finger snaps, feet shuffling, humming, cane tapping, etc.) and listening to the returning echoes. To date there are no statistics available about how many blind people use echolocation, but anecdotal reports in the literature suggest that perhaps between 20 and 30% of totally blind people may use it, suggesting that echol...