T HIS study was conducted in two phases. Phase one involved eight swine that were catheterized to facilitate blood collections at 8 am, 4 pm and midnight to determine circulating levels of plasma hydrocortisone, growth hormone, glucose, lactate, sodium, potassium, chloride and blood pH. Growth hormone levels decreased significantly from the 8 am to the 4 pm collection. Hydrocortisone levels wer...

The role of the liver in lactate metabolism in an experimental low flow state induced by cardiac tamponade was investigated in dogs. Arterial and venous lactate, and pyruvate levels and arterio-venous oxygen content differences were measured for the liver, gut, forequarter and hind limbs. Cardiac output and regional blood flows were determined by electromagnetic flow probes. The contribution of...

BACKGROUND In this observational study near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was evaluated as a non-invasive monitor of impaired tissue oxygenation (StO2) after cardiac surgery. StO2, cardiac output, mixed venous oxygen saturation and mean arterial pressure were compared with lactate clearance as established measure for sufficient tissue perfusion and oxygen metabolism. METHODS Forty patients aft...

A first-generation semi-automatic amperometric lactate analyzer (Yellow Springs Instrument Co.) was assessed for urgent ("stat"), rapid laboratory measurements in whole blood and cerebrospinal fluid. For whole blood, measured lactate concentration and hematocrit were linearly correlated. An improved equation is presented for estimating the concentration of lactate in plasma from measurements in...

APPROXIMATELY one third of endogenous lactate is normally metabolized in the liver. In acute liver failure, accumulation of non-metabolized pyruvate and lactate results in high blood pyruvate and lactate levels (Tholen et al., 1966). Often in this condition it is possible to control the arterial pH by the administration of sodium bicarbonate or THAM; if however there is also renal failure or ma...

The present experiments were carried out to investigate the usefulness of measuring peripheral tissue metabolism for the clinical assessment of shock. Male Wistar/ST rats (8 weeks-old) were used. All rats were placed in a supine position while anesthetized. A tube for measuring arterial pressure and collecting blood samples was cannulated into the femoral artery. For microdialysis, the introduc...

The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the intermittent cold-blood cardioplegia (ICBC) on myocardial acidosis in comparison to the warm-blood cardioplegic administration (IWBC) in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery. In 15 patients undergoing elective bypass surgery with ICBC for myocardial protection, metabolic changes of global ischemia indicators with lactate and pH values,...

In order to further define O(2) store utilization during dives and understand the physiological basis of the aerobic dive limit (ADL, dive duration associated with the onset of post-dive blood lactate accumulation), emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) were equipped with either a blood partial pressure of oxygen (P(O(2))) recorder or a blood sampler while they were diving at an isolated dive...