The factors influencing insurance pricing decisions are assessed using the ISO product liability ratemaking files for 1980-1984. The mean loss level has a strong positive effect on manual rates and premium rates/exposure. Evidence on a variety of ambiguity measures is more mixed. As a broad generalization, risk ambiguity lowers manual rates, which may reffect exclusion of large loss outliers as...

Bodily injury and stress associated with surgical interventions increase glucose levels not only in individuals diagnosed with diabetes mellitus but also in patients without a preoperative diagnosis of diabetes. Whatever the cause, hyperglycemia is becoming an increasingly important indicator of perioperative patient outcomes. An elevated blood glucose level affects the body's defense systems a...

BACKGROUND The primary objective of the study was to know the types and frequency of the bodily medico legal injuries in a rural setup. METHODS Data was retrospectively collected by selecting 55 cases consecutively. Data of injury types was analysed. RESULTS The number of injured males in this study was 48 (87.3%) while the females were 7 (12.7%). The most common type of injuries were shajj...

The role of the body of the player in trumpet pedagogy has either tended to go unrecognised, or the ability of the body to find appropriate techniques has been assumed. However, there has been increasing recognition that bodily posture is important, both in terms of its impact on performance and longer-term injury prevention. As a result, the literature of brass pedagogy has tried to identify t...

The 1996 Alberta Sport and Recreation Injury Survey is a retrospective study describing the annual incidence of injuries in the province of Alberta resulting from sport and recreational involvement. Data was collected by means of a telephone survey using random digit dialing techniques to obtain a representative sample of Albertans in the winter of 1995-96. The sample produced a total of 3,790 ...

Automobile bodily injury (BI) claims remain unsettled for a long time after the accident. The estimation of an accurate reserve for Reported But Not Settled (RBNS) claims is therefore vital for insurers. In accordance with the recommendation included in the Solvency II project (CEIOPS, 2007) a statistical model is here implemented for RBNS reserve estimation. Lognormality on empirical compensat...

Hypothermia is a condition in which core temperature drops below the level necessary to maintain bodily functions. The decrease in temperature may disrupt some physiological systems of the body, including alterations in microcirculation and reduction of oxygen supply to tissues. The lack of oxygen can induce the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen free radicals (RONS), followed by oxidat...

OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship between the severity of neurogenic bowel and health-related quality of life in persons with various degrees of spinal cord injury. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SUBJECTS A total of 128 people with spinal cord injury. METHODS Two questionnaires were sent out by post. One included demographic characteristics and a neurogenic bowel dysfunction score to evaluate...

Body perception can be altered in individuals with schizophrenia resulting experiences of undefined boundaries, loss ownership, and size changes. These may also more susceptible to the rubber hand illusion (RHI: an body that induced neurotypical populations), but findings are mixed. Furthermore, multisensory timing, which is thought fundamental for perception, schizophrenia. We tested whether t...

most of the theologians and muslim philosophers, at least in accordance with tradition and narrative, believe in bodily resurrection as a necessary faith; but they have different conceptualizations of the “body of resurrection” such as: elemental body, heavenly body, intermediary body and imaginary body. the presentation of these conceptualizations will help us to find guidelines for more accur...