introduction: texture is one of the most important attribute in foods and is always issues for the manufacturing of fried products, because texture plays a crucial role in consumer acceptance and the perceived quality of foods. prediction of changes in texture during frying can be helpful in process control. structurally, this quality parameter in fried potato strip made from the formation of a...

Chemical synthesis is a versatile technique for fabricating novel nanostructured materials. In the Rieke process, a metal salt is reduced by an alkali in a hydrocarbon solvent to form small, highly reactive particles. Synthesis at an elevated temperature (200'C) increases the as-synthesized particle size and produces higher coercivities and remanence ratios than observed in similar syntheses at...

In this study, some parameters such as quenching and boiling curves of a stainless steel cylindrical rod 80 mm long and having a diameter of 15 mm were experimentally obtained in saturate pure water and two nanofluids (SiO2 and TiO2) with 0.01 wt%. The cylinder was vertically lowered into the pool of saturated water and its temporal center temperature was measured by a the...

In this paper we consider a model for pool-boiling systems known from the literature. This model involves only the temperature distribution within the heater and models the heat exchange with the boiling medium via a nonlinear boundary condition imposed on the fluid-heater interface. The model allows multiple homogeneous (i.e. spatially constant) and multiple heterogeneous steady-state solution...

A superhydrophobic and anti-icing surface was prepared by consecutive immersion in boiling water and sputtering of polytetrafluoroethylene on the surface of an aluminium alloy substrate. The immersion time in boiling water plays an important role on the surface morphology and water repellency of the deposited RF-sputtered Teflon coating. The Teflon-like coating deposited on a rough surface achi...

Pulse ultrasound technique has been applied to measure the reflected echo signals from vapor bubbles in boiling two-phase flow. In this study, an ultrasonic transducer was developed for the ultrasonic measurement in boiling two-phase flow under the atmospheric pressure. Since the Curie point of piezoelements of the transducer is above 250 ̊C, it has an allowable temperature limit of 120 ̊C. The b...

Water infiltrating down a fracture in unsaturated rock experiences complex fluid-flow and heat-transfer phenomena when entering above-boiling rock temperature regions. Such conditions are expected, for example, after emplacement of heat-generating nuclear waste in underground repositories. A new, efficient semi-analytical method is proposed in this paper that simulates the flow processes of inf...

Boiling heat transfer is a key thermal limit in nuclear systems. However, for decades, its modeling has relied on speculative hypotheses and a good dose of empiricism. As researchers now start to develop more mechanistic models, the need for high-quality high-resolution data on the bubble nucleation and growth cycle is increasing. Specifically, nucleation site density, bubble departure diameter...

Two-phase forced convective flow in microchannels is promising for the cooling of integrated circuits. There has been limited research on boiling flow in channels with dimensions below 100 m, in which bubble formation and flow regimes can differ from those in larger channels. This work develops single and multichannel experimental structures using plasma-etched silicon with pyrex glass cover, w...

By acetylene pyrolysis at 650 and 5508C, carbon nanotubes were synthesized successfully in porous alumina templates anodized in sulfuric and/or oxalic acid solution. For templates anodized in oxalic acid followed by boiling in distilled water, thermal decomposition of acetylene at 6508C in the pores results in the formation of carbon nanofibres. For templates anodized in sulfuric acid, only car...