Introduction: Computed Tomography (CT) urography is more accurate in detection of renal masses, urinary tract tumors, inflammatory lesion, calculi and other causes obstruction compared with intravenous urography. The standard single bolus MDCT Urography protocol comprises three to four phases, consists non-contrast, corticomedullary, nephrographic excretory phases. A major disadvantage a high r...

OBJECTIVE To optimize the delay time before the initiation of arterial phase scan in the detection of focal liver lesions in contrast enhanced 5 phase liver CT using the bolus tracking technique. PATIENTS AND METHODS Delay - the interval between threshold enhancement of 100 hounsfield unit (HU) in the abdominal aorta and commencement of the first arterial phase scan. Using a 16 slice CT scann...

A new examination (bolusmetry) to evaluate the urine transport function of the ureteropelvic system was performed in 7 adult patients with congenital unilateral hydronephrosis. Whistle-tipped Fr. 5 catheters were introduced to each ureter about 5 cm proximal from the ureteral orifice by transurethral endoscopic technique. Bolus volume and frequency, and changes in them caused by furosemide inje...

Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) are large, complex particles containing both surface proteins (e.g., ApoB100) and core lipids, e.g., cholesterol and triglycerides (TG). Whereas ApoB100 kinetics have been thoroughly studied, accurate measurement of VLDL-TG kinetics have proven difficult due to either complex mathematics or laborious procedures. The present study was therefore designed to m...

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). Bolus doses of vasopressors have been used in the operative setting for decades. This technique of administration offers immediate control of hypotension. For some reason, this technique has not penetrated to the Emergency Depar...

An anthropomorphic phantom was used to investigate a treatment technique and analyze the dose distributions for helical irradiation of the total skin (HITS) by helical tomotherapy (HT). Hypothetical bolus of thicknesses of 0, 10, and 15 mm was added around the phantom body to account for the dose homogeneity and setup uncertainty. A central core structure was assigned as a "complete block" to f...

The influence of nanofluid with different wave forms in the presence of inclined asymmetric channel on peristaltic transport of a pseudoplastic fluid is examined. The governing equations for two dimensional and two directional flows of a pseudoplastic fluid along with nanofluid are modeled and then simplified under the assumptions of long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximation. The ex...

To assess the dynamics of taurine metabolism in vivo, two sets of studies were carried out in healthy volunteers. First, pilot studies were carried in a single human subject to determine the time course of plasma and whole blood isotope enrichment over the course of an 8-h, unprimed continuous infusion of [1,2-(13)C(2)]taurine. Second, five healthy adult males received two tracer infusions on s...