Breast conserving surgery (BCS) with following external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) of the conserved breast has become widely accepted in the last decades for the treatment of early invasive breast cancer. The standard technique of EBRT after BCS is to treat the whole breast up to a total dose of 42.5 to 50 Gy. An additional dose is given to treated volume as a boost to a portion of the breas...

Pediatric soft-tissue sarcomas are managed with a multimodality treatment program that includes surgery, chemotherapy, and external-beam radiotherapy (teletherapy). The use of teletherapy in young children can result in significant long-term toxicities (especially growth retardation of bones and organs). Brachytherapy, if feasible, is an attractive alternative for the treatment of pediatric sof...

Objective: In locally advanced cervical cancer, the management consists of external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy. The impact of intracavitary brachytherapy versus interstitial brachytherapy on local tumor control, survival and complications were prospectively investigated in this study. Methods: A total of 60 patients with stage IIB, IIIB cervical cancer were treated using a combination ...

The biological rationale for the use of brachytherapy, which is undergoing a significant resurgence in the United States, is reviewed with emphasis on low dose rate (LDR brachytherapy). Some of the newer alternatives that have recently been developed, such as pulsed dose rate (PDR) brachytherapy, are discussed.

Microspheres are multiparticulate drug delivery systems which are prepared to obtain prolonged or controlled drug delivery to improve bioavailability, stability and to target the drug to specific site at a predetermined rate. They are made from polymeric waxy or other protective materials such as natural, semi synthetic and synthetic polymers. Microspheres are characteristically free flowing po...

Rationale: brachytherapy is administered in the treatment of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer following chemoradiotherapy. Lack of local anatomy evaluation prior to this procedure might lead to the selection of an inappropriate brachytherapy applicator, increasing the risk of side effects (e.g. uterus perforation, painful procedure ...). Objective: To assess the movement of the ut...

Sustained release of thermal-instable and water-soluble drugs with low molecule weight is a challenge. In this study, sodium bicarbonate was encapsulated in ethyl cellulose microspheres by a novel solid-in-oil-in-oil (S/O/O) emulsification method using acetonitrile/soybean oil as new solvent pairs. Properties of the microspheres such as size, recovery rate, morphology, drug content, and drug re...

Sustained release of thermal-instable and water-soluble drugs with low molecule weight is a challenge. In this study, sodium bicarbonate was encapsulated in ethyl cellulose microspheres by a novel solid-in-oil-in-oil (S/O/O) emulsification method using acetonitrile/soybean oil as new solvent pairs. Properties of the microspheres such as size, recovery rate, morphology, drug content, and drug re...

The objective of this study was to develop a novel bacterially-triggered micro-particular system of de-esterified tragacanth (DET) in combination with Eudragit S-100 coated capsules for colon drug delivery of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) using microemulsion method. The loading study was conducted at different drug-to-polymer ratios and cross-linker concentrations. The maximum loading efficiency was ac...