Aldolase C (EC 4.1.2.13) is a brain-specific aldolase isoform and a putative target of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1. We identified aldolase C as a candidate hypoxia-regulated gene in mouse lung epithelial (MLE) cells using differential display. We show that the message accumulates in a robust fashion when MLE cells are exposed to 1% oxygen and is inversely related t...

Brain tissue is highly vulnerable to ischemia/hypoxia, and real-time monitoring of its viability is important. By fiber-based measurements for rat brain, we previously observed a unique triphasic reflectance change (TRC) after a certain period of time after hypoxia. After TRC, rats could not be rescued, suggesting that TRC can be used as an indicator of loss of brain tissue viability. In this s...

Acute cerebral ischemia is one of the leading causes of mortality and chronic disability. Animal models provide an essential tool for understanding the complex cellular and molecular pathophysiology of hypoxic-ischemia and for testing novel neuroprotective drugs in the pre-clinical setting. In this study we tested zebrafish as a novel model for hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. We built an air-pro...

Introduction. Explosive explosive injuries account for more than 50% of all received in military battles, and the proportion casualties among civilian population is also increasing [1]. However, only limited research has been conducted on pathophysiology blast-induced brain injury, effect changes cerebral blood flow (CBF) or vascular reactivity injury not investigated [2]. Although secondary hy...

Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning (HBO-PC) has been shown to be effective in preventing hypoxic injuries in many animal models. The aim of the present study was to examine the hypoxic tolerance induced by HBO-PC and to explore the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in a global hypoxia model. Male mice received HBO-PC before hypoxia exposure and swimming. HBO-PC significantly p...

Purpose: Glioblastoma is an aggressive and incurable brain tumor whose progression driven in part by glioblastoma stem cells, which are also responsible for the tumor’s low therapy efficacy. The maintenance expansion of cell population promoted hypoxic microenvironment, where miRNAs play fundamental roles their survival. Methods: GBM stem-like cells were isolated from three parental lines. then...

Hypoxia (low oxygen) often occurs in aquatic ecosystems that receive effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The combination of hypoxia and WWTP could impair fish health, because contains multiple contaminants disrupt the physiological pathways use to cope with hypoxia, but interactive effects these stressors on physiology are poorly understood. We have examined this issue b...

While erythropoietin (Epo) and its receptor (EpoR) have been widely investigated in brain, the expression and function of the soluble Epo receptor (sEpoR) remain unknown. Here we demonstrate that sEpoR, a negative regulator of Epo's binding to the EpoR, is present in the mouse brain and is down-regulated by 62% after exposure to normobaric chronic hypoxia (10% O2 for 3 days). Furthermore, while...

An in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), consisting of porcine brain-derived microvascular endothelial cells (PBMEC), was used to evaluate the effect of astrocytes in the BBB disruption during hypoxia. Hypoxia-induced hyperpermeability was decreased significantly in a coculture model of astroglia cells, either astrocytes or C6 glioma cells, with PBMEC and, to the same extent, when gl...

I n addition to its role as the main regulator of erythropoiesis, erythropoietin has a wide range of protective, antiapoptotic activities in vitro and in vivo, particularly in the brain and, as more recently shown, in the heart. Of note, erythropoietin is not exclusively produced by fetal liver and adult kidney but is expressed also in the brain, where it can be induced by hypoxia or ischaemia....