Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has demonstrated a focal area of cytotoxic oedema during partial status epilepticus (PSE). However, vasogenic oedema related to the breakdown of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and ictal hyperperfusion could be the predominant DWI findings in the epileptogenic area during PSE. We report a case of PSE with ictal aphasia, right hemiparesis, and repetitive focal moto...

INTRODUCTION Headache is the most common complication associated with exposure to high altitude, and can appear as an isolated high-altitude headache (HAH) or in conjunction with acute mountain sickness (AMS). The purpose of this article is to review several aspects related to diagnosis and treatment of HAH. DEVELOPMENT HAH occurs in 80% of all individuals at altitudes higher than 3000 meters...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be defined as the disruption in function, or other evidence of pathology, caused by an external physical force. Management TBI depends on, if is focal diffuse. Focal epidural intra cerebral and diffuse lesions present multiple contusions/DAI. A basic understanding anatomy central nervous system some working knowledge physiology help management TBI. According to ...

Intracerebral metastasis in osteosarcoma is extremely rare. A 14-year-old girl who had previously been operated upon for osteosarcoma of the femur presented with seizures and left hemiparesis. A right parietal lesion with calcification and brain oedema was found. After resection of the mass, pathology revealed an osteosarcoma metastasis.

To cite: Jankowski PP, Malicki DM, Levy ML, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/ bcr-2013-010514 DESCRIPTION We present a case of a 10-year-old boy with a 2-week history of focal seizures involving the right side of his face. His medical history was remarkable for pulmonary tuberculosis at 5 years of age without central nervous system involvement. A...

BACKGROUND Fluids are often given liberally after the return of spontaneous circulation. However, the optimal fluid regimen in survivors of cardiac arrest is unknown. Recent studies indicate an increased fluid requirement in post-cardiac arrest patients. During hypothermia, animal studies report extravasation in several organs, including the brain. We investigated two fluid strategies to determ...

In this preliminary study we report on a new neonatal cerebral ultrasound appearance consisting of high amplitude echoes that arise diffusely throughout the brain and obscure the echoes of normal structures. This scan appearance was associated with probable cerebral insult and we believe that it is caused by cerebral oedema.

Three cases of brain stem astrocytoma and one of a para-stem vascular tumour are described, each showing a history of relapses and remissions. The diagnoses were confirmed by necropsy, and it is suggested that the relapsing course may have been due to oedema and necrosis in both the tumour and the surrounding brain tissue. Features indicating repeated recurrence of a lesion at the same site in ...

Introduction Traumatic Brain Injury(TBI) is a serious health problem resulting in 1x10 Emergency admissions per annum in the UK [1]. 39% of patients with severe TBI, or GCS less than 8, die and 60% survive with unfavourable outcomes [[2]].The aim of TBI management is to minimise secondary brain injury from cerebral oedema to maintain brain oxygen delivery, which may be achieved via medical or s...

The pathology of calves that died from experimental water intoxication was investigated. Oedema of the brain and urinary bladder, and renal damage were significant pathological findings in these calves. The findings were attributed to positive water balance in calves suffering from water intoxication.