Swimming performance tests of fish have been integral to studies of muscle energetics, swimming mechanics, gas exchange, cardiac physiology, disease, pollution, hypoxia and temperature. This paper describes a flexible protocol to assess fish swimming performance using equipment in which water velocity can be controlled. The protocol involves one to several stepped increases in flow speed that a...

Fish have a remarkable amount of variation in their swimming performance, from within species differences to diversity among major taxonomic groups. Fish swimming is a complex, integrative phenotype and has the ability to plastically respond to a myriad of environmental changes. The plasticity of fish swimming has been observed on whole-organismal traits such as burst speed or critical swimming...

This paper first designs and implements an image defogging algorithm based on FPGA. The hardware design mainly includes SDRAM control module, SD card data transmission convolution neural network calculation module. module controls the working state of SDRAM; card; reading writing is responsible for algorithm. Based this point, uses medium complex ocean atmosphere combination model to estimate S...

The purpose of the current study was to assess and to compare the hydrodynamics of the first and second gliding positions of the breaststroke underwater stroke used after starts and turns, considering drag force (D), drag coefficient (CD) and cross-sectional area (S). Twelve national-level swimmers were tested (6 males and 6 females, respectively 18.2±4.0 and 17.3±3.0 years old). Hydrodynamic p...

The present study was intended to identify the effect of a CAI web site for swimming to elementary school children’s learning motives and learning strategy. Fifth-grade children participated in this study. Subjects were classified into two groups that learned with the CAI web site throughout the swimming class and a control group that merely participated in the ordinary swimming class inside th...

In a multitude of life's processes, cilia and flagella are found indispensable. Recently, the biflagellated chlorophyte alga Chlamydomonas has become a model organism for the study of ciliary motility and synchronization. Here, we use high-speed, high-resolution imaging of single pipette-held cells to quantify the rich dynamics exhibited by their flagella. Underlying this variability in behavio...