BACKGROUND Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common bacterial co-infection of viral bronchiolitis. AIMS To evaluate the influence of AOM on the clinical course of bronchiolitis. SUBJECTS 150 children younger than 24 months old, diagnosed with bronchiolitis, hospitalised between December 1997 and May 1999. METHODS Body temperature, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and the need for o...

BACKGROUND Admission of infants to hospital with bronchiolitis consumes considerable healthcare resources each winter. We report an analysis of hospital admissions in England over five decades. METHODS Data were analysed from the Hospital In-Patient Enquiry (HIPE, 1968-1985), Hospital Episode Statistics (HES, 1989-2011), Oxford Record Linkage Study (ORLS, 1963-2011) and Paediatric Intensive C...

Viral infections are important causes of asthma exacerbations in children, and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), caused by viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus (RV), are a leading cause of bronchiolitis in infants. Infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis are at significantly increased risk for both recurrent wheezing and childhood asthma. To date, studies a...

AIM To examine over time, the cellular response within the lungs of infants ventilated with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis and to compare this response in infants born at term with those born preterm. METHODS Non-bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were taken from 47 infants (24 born at term and 23 born preterm) who were ventilated for RSV positive bronchioliti...

Viral bronchiolitis is a leading cause of acute illness and hospitalization of young children. Research into the variation in treatment and outcomes for bronchiolitis across different settings has led to evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Ongoing investigation continues to expand this body of evidence. Authors of recent surveillance studies have defined the presence of coinfections wi...

INTRODUCTION. The literature has accumulated enough data on the treatment of children with acute bronchiolitis (OB). However, this information is formed mainly general population patients OB and often not applicable to a severe course disease. From standpoint evidence-based medicine, routine use medications recommended in modern consent documents, there are also no clear recommendations respira...

Respiratory insufficiency due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is partly due to the abundance of thickened mucus and the inability to clear it from the airways. Mucus in RSV bronchiolitis contains necrotic inflammatory and epithelial cells. The viscoelastic properties of purulent airway secretions are largely due to the presence of highly polymerized deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA...

Respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in infancy. There is no effective therapy for RSV bronchiolitis. To investigate the efficacy of clarithromycin in the treatment of RSV bronchiolitis, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial comparing clarithromycin with placebo in 21 infants with a diagnosis of RSV bronchioli...

Severe bronchiolitis is the most common reason for hospitalization among children younger than 2 years. This study analyzed the prevalence of community-acquired respiratory virus infection and the risk factors for hospitalization of Mexican children with severe bronchiolitis treated in an Emergency department.This retrospective study included 134 children 2 years or younger with severe viral br...