the relationship between caring burden and coping strategies in hemodialysis patients caregivers     abbasi a [1] , ashrafrezaee n [2] , asayesh h [3] *, shariati a [4] , rahmani h [5] , mollaei e [6] , bathaei sa [7] , shoori bidgoli a [8]     received: 8 mar, 2012 accepted: 21 jun , 2012    abstract   bachground & aims: patients with end stage renal disease require long term treatment and car...

invasive meningococcal disease (imd) is a severe bacterial infectious disease with high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. in recent years, industrialised countries have implemented vaccines targeting imd in their national immunisation programmes (nips). in 2002, the netherlands successfully implemented a single dose of meningococcal serogroup c conjugate vaccine at the age of 14 months a...

in december 2015, the world health organization (who) published the first ever report on the estimates of the global burden of foodborne diseases, which included diseases related to chemical exposures in foods such as peanut allergy. in the report, the burden of disease related to peanut allergies was measured for the european, american and west pacific regions. the report showed that unlike ot...

conclusions the findings of this study indicated that the economic burden of tbis was high in fatal accidents in fars province so that it was equivalent to 0.00011% of iran’s gross domestic product (gdp) in 2013. therefore, more attention has to be paid to the rules to prevent the fatal accidents. results deaths resulting from tbis due to traffic accidents in shiraz imposed 6.2 billion rials (5...

background: water, sanitation and hygiene have a very important role in public health. poor sanitation is the cause of water contamination, which causes many types of diseases. the aim of this paper was to present the attributable death and disability adjusted life year (dalys) of untreated water and insanitary environments from 1990 to 2010 in iran.   methods: in the global burden of disease 2...

underground economy affects important indexes such as formal gdp, unemployment, consumption, production and etc. therefore it is necessary to identify elements and factors which affect underground economy to restrict it. surveys and studies indicate the size of iran’s underground economy is high and taxes, quantity and quality of regulations and performance of formal economy are the important f...