s | 3 proline/alanine–rich kinase (pSPAK) and oxidative stress response kinase-1 (pOSR1), a master regulator of KCC2 and NKCC1 activity. The perisomatic expression of pSPAK/pOSR1 altered correspondingly to that of KCC2 and NKCC1. Finally, we administered diazepam, a GABAA-Receptor agonist, to RS-OVX mice with vehicle, alfaE2 and G1 to confirm the normalization of behavior, KCC2, NKCC1 and GPR30...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) with L-DOPA eventually causes abnormal involuntary movements known as dyskinesias in most patients. Dyskinesia can be reduced using compounds that act as direct or indirect agonists of the 5-HT1 A receptor, but these drugs have been reported to worsen PD features and are known to produce '5-HT syndrome', symptoms of which include trem...

Apneusis is a disturbance of respiratory rhythm characterized by severely prolonged inspiratory effort, and is caused by bilateral lesions in the dorsal pons. In humans it is most commonly caused by pontine infarction and has rarely been reported in multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we report on a patient with MS who developed episodic apneusis which responded to treatment with buspirone, a seroton...

Understanding the different patterns of anxiety-like behavioral responses is of great interest for pharmacological and genetic research. Here we report the effects of 3.5-hr habituation, buspirone and ethanol on those responses in shoaling zebrafish (Danio rerio). Since in these experiments we used a container with white walls, the effects of black-vs.-white walls were tested in a separate expe...

Bruxism is an involuntary grinding of the teeth which can occur during daytime or night. An estimated 85–90% of the population brux at some time during their lives, but it is clinically significant in only 5% of them. In such cases it can result in significant periodontal damage and can produce significant sleep disturbance in the bed partner of the person (Moore et al., 2000). Reports of SSRI-...

Here we report that an engineered microbial cytochrome P450 BM-3 (CYP102A subfamily) efficiently catalyzes the alpha-hydroxylation of phenylacetic acid esters. This P450 BM-3 variant also produces the authentic human metabolite of buspirone, R-6-hydroxybuspirone, with 99.5% ee.

5-HT1A receptors couple to different Go/Gi proteins in order to mediate a wide range of physiological actions. While activation of post-synaptic 5-HT1A receptors is mainly related to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity, functionality of autoreceptors located in raphe nuclei has been classically ascribed to modifications of the activity of potassium and calcium channels. In order to evaluate...