The title complex, [Sn(4)(C(4)H(9))(8)(C(7)H(3)ClNO(4))(4)O(2)], is a cluster formed by a crystallographic inversion center around the central Sn(2)O(2) ring. Both of the two independent Sn atoms are five-coordinated, with distorted trigonal-bipyramidal SnC(2)O(3) geometries. One Sn atom is coordinated by two butyl groups, one O atom of the benzoate anion and two bridging O atoms, whereas the o...

Valorization of lignin is essential for the economic viability of the biorefinery concept. For example, the enhancement of lignin hydrophobicity by chemical esterification is known to improve its miscibility in apolar polyolefin matrices, thereby helping the production of bio-based composites. To this end and due to its many reactive hydroxyl groups, lignin is a challenging macromolecular subst...

Incremental reactivity estimates for many high molecular weight organic compounds used in consumer products are viewed as uncertain because of limited data on their reaction mechanisms and products. This study performs a systematic uncertainty analysis of the calculated incremental reactivities of two such compounds: n-butyl acetate and 2-butoxy ethanol. 2-butoxy ethanol is a relatively well-st...

The paper complements our earlier NMR investigation of molecular dynamics of tert-butyl chloride restricted by geometries of the type MCM-41 and CPG by the new sizes of CPG and by differential scanning calorimetry method. We report proton and deuteron NMR lineshapes and the spin-lattice relaxation results of tert-butyl chloride in CPG of the 15.6 nm and 7.4 nm pore diameter in the temperature r...

The kinetics of the simultaneous syntheses ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) and butyl (BTBE) over Amberlyst™ 35 (A35) has been studied at 315–353 K in liquid phase. Different kinetic modeling approaches—namely, empirical power-law modeling, mechanistic based on Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) Eley-Rideal (ER) formalisms, information-based modeling—have compared. Empirical equations yield...

background antioxidant compounds have been shown to slow down the development of chemically induced tumors. it has been estimated that most of human cancer cases are due to environmental factors and would be preventable if the main risks could be identified. the potential of vitamin e as a cancer preventive agent has been studied and individuals whose intake of vitamin e was above average showe...

O-tert-Butyltyrosine (Tby) is an unnatural amino acid that can be site-specifically incorporated into proteins using established orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA systems. Here we show that the tert-butyl group presents an outstanding NMR tag that can readily be observed in one-dimensional (1)H NMR spectra without any isotope labeling. Owing to rapid bond rotations and the chemical equi...

During plant-microbe interactions and in the environment, Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli is likely to be exposed to high concentrations of multiple oxidants. Here, we show that simultaneous exposures of the bacteria to multiple oxidants affects cell survival in a complex manner. A superoxide generator (menadione) enhanced the lethal effect of an organic peroxide (tert-butyl hydroperoxide) ...

Electrospun polystyrene materials have been employed as oil absorbents, but they have visible drawbacks such as poor strength at low temperature and unreliable integrity because of brittleness and insufficient cohesive force among fibers. Butyl acrylate can polymerize into flexible chains, and its polymer can be used as elastomer and adhesive material. Thereby it is possible to obtain the mater...

This work proposed a gas sensor for the determination of tert-butyl mercaptan, one of the highly toxic volatile sulfur compounds, which was based on cataluminescence emission during its catalytic oxidation on the surface of nanosized V(2)O(5). The cataluminescence characteristics and the optimum conditions, including the morphology of sensing material, the wavelength of cataluminescence emissio...