The effect of TiO2 layer applied to the conventional Fe2O3/FTO photoanode to improve the photoelectrochemical performance was assessed from the viewpoint of the microstructure and energy band structure. Regardless of the location of the TiO2 layer in the photoanodes, that is, Fe2O3/TiO2/FTO or TiO2/Fe2O3/FTO, high performance was obtained when α-Fe2O3 and H-TiNT/anatase-TiO2 phases existed in t...

Jonathan Andreasen, Hui Cao,* Allen Taflove, Prem Kumar, and Chang-qi Cao Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3112, USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3112, USA Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Received 24 September 2007; published 8 Feb...

BACKGROUND Fossil fuels' pollution and their non-renewability have motivated the search for alternative fuels. Some common example of seed oils are sunflower oil, date seed oil, soy bean oil. For instance, soy methyl and soy-based biodiesel are the main biodiesel. Biodiesel is a clean diesel fuel that can be produced through transesterification reaction. Recycled cooking oil, on the other hand,...

Ultra-calcic ankaramitic magmas or melt inclusions are ubiquitous in arc, ocean-island and mid-ocean ridge settings. They are primitive in character (XMg 4 0 65) and have high CaO contents (414 wt %) and CaO/Al2O3 (41 1). Experiments on an ankaramite from Epi, Vanuatu arc, demonstrate that its liquidus surface has only clinopyroxene at pressures of 15 and 20 kbar, with XCO2 in the volatile comp...

OBJECTIVES The optimal strategy for soccer teams playing at altitude is not known, that is, 'fly-in, fly-out' versus short-term acclimatisation. Here, we document changes in blood gas and vascular volumes of sea-level (Australian, n=20) and altitude (Bolivian, n=19) native soccer players at 3600 m. METHODS Haemoglobin-oxygen saturation (Hb-sO₂), arterial oxygen content (CaO₂), haemoglobin mas...

Different combinations of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were fed to broilers to establish their effect on the fatty acid composition of the broiler carcass and the abdominal fat pad. Six combinations of Canola acid oil (CAO, high levels of C18:3n-3 and monounsaturated fatty acids) and Famarol acid oil (FAO, high levels of C18:2n-6 and saturated fatty acids) were included in the broiler ...

background: atherosclerosis is the most common cause for heart attack and stroke. in the last decade, several epidemiological studies have found an association between periodontal infection and atherosclerosis. the aim of this research was to determine the possible association between chronic periodontal disease and severity of atherosclerosis. materials and methods: eighty‑two subjects that we...

The COPDGene Study is providing important new information about the natural history of several chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) phenotypes. This multicentre study enrolled a large number of current and former smokers with a wide range of spirometry results (from normal to very severe airflow obstruction), carefully characterised them during their baseline examination, and has been f...

A recently proposed computational scheme based on local increments has been applied to the calculation of correlation contributions to the cohesive energy of the CaO crystal. Using ab-initio quantum chemical methods for evaluating individual increments, we obtain ∼ 80% of the difference between the experimental and Hartree-Fock cohesive energies. Lattice constants corrected for correlation effe...