Repeated cocaine alters glutamate neurotransmission, in part, by reducing cystine-glutamate exchange via system xc-, which maintains glutamate levels and receptor stimulation in the extrasynaptic compartment. In the present study, we undertook two approaches to determine the significance of plasticity involving system xc-. First, we examined whether the cysteine prodrug N-acetylcysteine attenua...

Studies of murine leukemia virus expression in AKR mice are presented. Material from in vivo and in vitro sources of normal tissues and lymphomas was assayed for in vitro infectivity, using the XC plaque assay, and for oncogenicity, by assessing lymphoma-accelerating capacity after inoculation into newborn animals. Normal tissues from healthy young AKR mice up to 7 months of age were found to h...

In the framework of time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), exact exchange-correlation (xc) kernel $f_{xc}(n,q,\omega)$ determines ground-state energy, excited-state energies, lifetimes, and linear response any many-electron system. The recently developed MCP07 xc A. Ruzsinszky et al. [Phys. Rev. B 101, 245135 (2020)] yields excellent uniform electron gas (UEG) energies plausible plas...

Time-dependent density functional theory ~TDDFT! is applied for calculation of the excitation energies of the dissociating H2 molecule. The standard TDDFT method of adiabatic local density approximation ~ALDA! totally fails to reproduce the potential curve for the lowest excited singlet Su 1 state of H2. Analysis of the eigenvalue problem for the excitation energies as well as direct derivation...

We have identified DNA elements in the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene promoter which are bound 'in vivo' by proteins under conditions of basal level gene expression and have evaluated several hypothesis to account for the tissue specific expression of the gene. In vitro DNase I footprinting demonstrated that factors which bind to basal expression elements of the PEPCK promoter, ...

Withdrawal from chronic cocaine reduces extracellular glutamate levels in the nucleus accumbens by decreasing cystine/glutamate exchange (xc-). Activating xc- with N-acetylcysteine restores extracellular glutamate and prevents cocaine-induced drug seeking. It was hypothesized that the activation of xc- prevents drug seeking by increasing glutamatergic tone on presynaptic group II metabotropic g...

Let M be a compact manifold with boundary. If M is connected, let XC(M) be the SL2(C)–character variety of M. If not, take XC(M) to be the cartesian product of the character varieties of its components. Throughout, S is a closed connected oriented hyperbolic surface, T(S) its Teichmüller space. By the Uniformization Theorem, T(S) is both the space of marked conformal structures on S and the spa...

The study of daily changes in photosynthetic rate, of energy used in photochemical and non-photochemical processes, and of carotenoid composition aimed at evaluating the role of xanthophyll cycle (XC) in protection of hoary plantain plants (Plantago media) in nature. The leaves of sun plants differed from shade plants in terms of CO(2) exchange rate and photosynthetic pigments content. The tota...

Iron is an essential micronutrient for plants, and plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms to improve iron acquisition from soils. Grafting on iron deficiency-tolerant rootstock is an effective strategy to prevent iron deficiency-chlorosis in fruit-tree crops. To determine the mechanisms underlying iron uptake in iron deficiency, two iron deficiency-tolerant citrus rootstocks, Zhique (ZQ) and X...

Performance of low temperature fuel cells depends critically on the nanostructures of the material components in the electrodes and membranes. Some studies are reported here for 1) mixed metal nanoparticles supported on mesoporous carbon and 2) modification of nanopores of Nafion via in-situ polymerization of furfuryl alcohol. The anodic oxidation of small organic molecules such as alcohols in ...