nanotechnology is the study of manipulating matter on an atomic and molecular scale. generally, nanotechnology deals with developing materials, devices, or other structures possessing at least one dimension size from 1 to 100 nanometers .  carbon nanotubes have great potentials for novel applications in industry, drug delivery system and many other uses. in this work after purification, multiwa...

Epoxide carboxylase from Xanthobacter strain Py2 catalyzes the reductant- and NAD+-dependent carboxylation of aliphatic epoxides to beta-keto acids. Epoxide carboxylase from Xanthobacter strain Py2 has been resolved from cell extracts by anion-exchange chromatography into three protein components, designated I, II, and III, that are obligately required for functional reconstitution of epoxide c...

Vitamin K is required for the carboxylation of Gla-proteins in the liver (coagulation factors) and extra-hepatic tissues, such as bone (osteocalcin, OC), and arterial wall (matrix Gla-protein, MGP). Although the coagulation factors are essentially fully carboxylated under normal conditions, 10-40 % of OC and MGP remains undercarboxylated. We were therefore interested to study the dose-response ...

Vitamin K-dependent (VKD) proteins require carboxylation for diverse functions that include hemostasis, apoptosis, and Ca(2+) homeostasis, yet the mechanism of carboxylation is not well understood. Combined biochemical and chemical studies have led to a long-standing model in which a carboxylase Cys catalytic base deprotonates vitamin K hydroquinone (KH(2)), leading to KH(2) oxygenation and Glu...

Willis, W. T., M. R. Jackman, M. E. Bizeau, M. J. Pagliassotti, and J. R. Hazel. Hyperthermia impairs liver mitochondrial function in vitro. Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 278: R1240–R1246, 2000.—The effects of temperature on the relationships among the rates of pyruvate carboxylation, O2 uptake (Jo), oxidative phosphorylation (Jp), and the free energy of ATP hydrolysis (Gp) w...