The use of continuous intrapartum electronic fetal heart rate monitoring (EFM) using a cardiotocograph (CTG) was developed to enable obstetricians and midwives to analyse the changes of fetal heart rate during labour so as to institute timely intervention to avoid intrapartum hypoxic-ischaemic injury. Although CTG was initially developed as a screening tool to predict fetal hypoxia, its positiv...

The operative treatment of tibial fractures in late pregnancy is a controversial issue that is rarely discussed in the literature. Here we present a case of a tibial diaphyseal fracture in a woman that was 36 weeks pregnant, which was treated with intramedullary nails under noninvasive foetal monitoring with cardiotocography. The patient underwent a successful surgery, and no harm or adverse ev...

A 23-year-old, para 1 with a previous vaginal delivery and history of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, presented at 36+5 weeks gestation with epigastric pain and irregular uterine tightenings. She was haemodynamically stable and afebrile, the uterus was soft and nontender with a multips os on examination. Cardiotocography was reassuring and obstetric Ultrasound (USS) showed a flexed breech position, wit...

The number of women with major congenital heart defects reaching reproductive age is likely increasing. We herein describe the anesthetic management of a 33-year-old woman at 37 gestational weeks with a history of Glenn surgery who was undergoing an urgent cesarean section due to pathological cardiotocography. Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia was the most suitable technique for urgent cesare...

Fetal monitoring performed by the cardiotocography (CTG) was effective by continuous visual monitoring of obstetric staffs, which was subjective and troublesome, developing inter-observer differences. Maeda created objective FHR score which was objective and possible to be computerized for further improvement. Maeda developed the first mini computerized automated FHR analysis with objective pat...

The identification of high-risk pregnancies that would benefit from the use of electronic fetal monitoring during labour remains an important research issue. In this issue of The Lancet, Lawrence Impey and colleagues report the results of a randomised controlled trial that assessed the efficacy of admission cardiotocography for 8580 low-risk women in labour as measured by reductions in the rate...

In gynecology, the problem of fetus during pregnancy in pregnant women have more interests. literature, several means are used to follow such as cardiotocography measure heart rate, accelerations, fetal movements, and uterine contractions. this proposed study, we use some algorithms classify diseases, confusion matrix specify normal, suspicious pathology using Random Forest, Support Vector Mach...