A young male presented with recurrent neck swellings with initial leucocyte count of 16800/mm3, with non-caseating glands on ultrasonography neck. FNAC showed mixed cellularity with histiocytic and marked lymphophagocytosis as seen in Rosai Dorfman Disease. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated CD 25, Ki 67 and CD 68 in histiocytes. Her responded to supportive treatment alone.

Tuberculosis, once thought to have been controlled, is now resurgent in many parts of the world. Many gaps exist in understanding the pathogenesis of tuberculosis, especially secondary and cavitary disease. Evidence presented here suggests that cord factor (trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate, TDM) is a key driver of these processes. It is the most abundant lipid released by virulent M. tuberculosis (MTB...

Stocks of Xenopus laevis which have been used recently to generate lymphoreticular neoplasia (L-1) have apparently become infected with pathogenic acid-fast bacteria. These materials provided us with an unusual opportunity to com pare a granulomatous response with this lymphoreticular neoplasm of the histiocytic type in both newt and Xenopus hosts. The granuloma foci were found to differ from t...

BACKGROUND Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is defined as a tuberculous infection of the tracheobronchial tree with microbial and histopathological evidence, with or without parenchymal involvement. Bronchoscopic appearances of EBTB have been divided into seven subtypes: actively caseating, edematous-hyperemic, fibrostenotic, tumorous, granular, ulcerative, and nonspecific bronchitic. However,...

Sarcoidosis is a multi-organ disease of unknown etiology characterized by non-caseating granulomas. Here we report the case of a 78-year-old white male with a past medical history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease stage III with a baseline serum creatinine of 2.5 mg/dl. The patient had a prior admission history for acute kidney injury (AKI) attributed to dehydration...

A 54-year-old Caucasian female was admitted for fevers, night sweats, decreased appetite, weight loss of 20 pounds in 1 month, diffuse rash, and purpuric lesions on her lower extremities. Physical examination revealed a diffuse maculopapular rash on the anterior chest and trunk and a palpable, 1-cm, inguinal lymph node. Initial laboratory studies revealed hemoglobin of 9.1 g/dL, hematocrit of 2...

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis and sarcoidosis are chronic diseases that rarely occur concomitantly. Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder characterized pathologically by the presence of non-caseating granulomas in involved tissues. Tuberculosis is infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis characterized by granulomas with caseous necrosis. CASE PRESENTATION We present a c...

Treatment of tuberculosis is currently hindered by prolonged antibiotic regimens and the emergence of significant drug resistance. Alternatives and adjuncts to standard antimycobacterial agents are needed. We propose that a direct attack utilizing photosensitizers and light-based treatments may be effective in curtailing Mycobacterium tuberculosis in discrete anatomical sites in the most infect...

Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas of unknown origin. Of the fewer than 6% of sarcoidosis cases that occur in subcutaneous tissue, most occur on the face or forearm, but rarely in the toe. A 33-year-old man was admitted to our institute with a 2-cm mass on his chin and a 0.5-cm mass on his right fourth toe. Based on preoperative ultrasonogra...

Sarcoidosis is characterised by non-caseating granulomas that secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-12, IL-23, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Ustekinumab and golimumab are monoclonal antibodies that specifically inhibit IL-12/IL-23 and TNF-α, respectively. Patients with chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis (lung group) and/or skin sarcoidosis (skin group) received either ...