The automatic teller machine (ATM) will be for the foreseeable future the dominant mode of access to cash for those living in industrialized societies. In this article we present the ATM as a political site where a multiplicity of relationships—primarily but not exclusively between the customer and the bank—become configured in ways that serve some interests and not others. The article draws on...

where u1 is the proportion of the portfolio held in stocks, and u2 is the consumption rate. Evidently it is natural to take 0 ≤ u1 ≤ 1 and u2 ≥ 0, but in fact we shall allow −∞ < u1 <∞. If u1 > 1 then the cash part of the portfolio is negative, so we are borrowing money to buy stocks. If u1 < 0 then the stock part of the portfolio is negative, so we are so called shorting the stock. The goal is...

Spending the big bucks may seem inevitable to a cash-strapped city goer. This is especially true if you're a student pressed between a heavy load of school work and a tight budget. But have no fear ? the city that never sleeps offers a plethora of opportunities to learn, explore, and enjoy without blowing all your savings. You could start by checking out NYC: The Official Guide [2]. You can als...

A rm whose net earnings are uncertain, and that is subject to the risk of bankruptcy, must choose between paying dividends and retaining earnings in a liquid reserve. Also, diierent operating strategies imply diierent combinations of expected return and variance. We model the rm's cash reserve as the diierence between the cumulative net earnings and the cumulative dividends. The rst is a diiusi...

This study aims to determine how much the equity participation of Local Government in Telago Pancuran Water Supply Company and impact local goverment capital on performance Company. The object research is Company, with a period five years, namely 2015 2019. data collection technique uses observation, interview documentation methods. analysis this quantitative methods using financial formulas, R...

The aim of this article is to analyse the short-term solvency large companies in wine sector period 2014-2018, two relevant Spanish wine-production areas and assess significant differences time between regions. Liquidity a direct threat financial health analysed using standard indicators compositional data, order prevent common outlier, non-linearity asymmetry problems ratios. study shows that ...

Cash takeover bids financed from internally generated cash reserves could be a function of capital market imperfections (Myers and Majluf 1984) or symptomatic of “free-cash-flow” problems (Jensen 1986, 1988). We find that bids financed from cash reserves outperform those that use debt financing. Further, ‘free cash flow’ firms outperform ‘non-free cash flow’ firms. The majority of cash bids are...

This article describes an expert system for cash flow analysis called CFA--Cash Flow Analyzer. which uses knowledge based on ratio analysis and the budgetary statement of changes in cash flow. The system uses "If ••• Then ••• " rules to capture the expertise necessary to diagnose the source of cash flow problems and make recommendations on how to mitigate those problems. 1. AN EXPERT SYSTEM FOR...

Managers can use models for predicting business failures to assess an organization’s success or distress. Hundreds of such models have been constructed over last forty-five years. Altman’s (1968) paper is the oldest and Bhandari and Iyer‘s (2013) paper, here after Bhandari (2013) is the most recent. Although both used discriminant analysis technique on matched sample of failed and non-failed fi...

This paper examines the volatility and covariance dynamics of cash and futures contracts that underlie the Optimal Hedge Ratio (OHR) across different hedging time horizons. We examine whether hedge ratios calculated over a short term hedging horizon can be scaled and successfully applied to longer term horizons. We also test the equivalence of scaled hedge ratios with those calculated directly ...