The rapid insertion and extraction of Li ions from a cathode material is imperative for the functioning of a Li-ion battery. In many cathode materials such as LiCoO2, lithiation proceeds through solid-solution formation, whereas in other materials such as LiFePO4 lithiation/delithiation is accompanied by a phase transition between Li-rich and Li-poor phases. We demonstrate using scanning transm...

A cobalt-based thermoelectric compound Ca(3)Co(2)O(6) (CCO) has been developed as new cathode material with superior performance for intermediate-temperature (IT) solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Systematic evaluation has been carried out. Measurement of thermal expansion coefficient (TEC), thermal-stress (σ) and interfacial shearing stress (τ) with the electrolyte show that CCO matches well with ...

*Correspondence: Sheng S. Zhang, Electrochemistry Branch, RDRL-SED-C, Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD 20783-1197, USA e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Liquid electrolyte lithium/sulfur (Li/S) batteries cannot come into practical applications because of many problems such as low energy efficiency, short cycle life, and...

New cathode materials will lead to technological advances for implantable cardioverter defibrillators, ICDs, such as reduced size and increased performance of the device. While the industry standard silver vanadium oxide Ag2V4O11 exhibits great chemical/electrochemical stability, dense silver oxide fluoride materials are advantageous because of high crystal density that can result in an increas...

Sm1.8Ce0.2CuO4–xCe0.9Gd0.1O1.95 (SCC–xCGO, x = 0–12 vol.%) composite cathodes supported on Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 (CGO) electrolyte are studied for applications in IT-SOFCs. Results show that Sm1.8Ce0.2CuO4 material is chemically compatible with Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 at 1000 °C. The composite electrode exhibits optimum microstructure and forms good contact with the electrolyte after sintering at 1000 °C for...

In order to meet the growing demand of the rapidly-miniaturized electronics and high-power mobile devices (i.e. hybrid electric vehicles), a lot of new electrode materials are studied to replace the traditional LiCoO2 (cathode) and graphite (anode). Cu-V-O compounds with high capacity (~250-500 mAh.g -1 ) have emerged as one of the most promising cathode materials for next-generation lithium io...

Lithium sulfide (Li2S) is a promising cathode material for Li-S batteries with high capacity (theoretically 1166 mAh g(-1)) and can be paired with nonlithium-metal anodes to avoid potential safety issues. However, the cycle life of coarse Li2S particles suffers from poor electronic conductivity and polysulfide shuttling. Here, we develop a flexible slurryless nano-Li2S/reduced graphene oxide ca...

A simplified vacuum arc design [based on metal vapor vacuum arc (MeVVA) concepts] is employed as a plasma source for a study of a (7)Be non-neutral plasma. The design includes a mechanism for interchanging the cathode source. Testing of the plasma source showed that it is capable of producing on the order of 10(12) charges at confinable energies using a boron-carbide disk as the cathode target....

Systematical studies of the electrochemical performance of CF x -derived carbon-FeF2 nanocomposites for reversible lithium storage are presented. The conversion cathode materials were synthesized by a simple one-pot synthesis, which enables a reactive intercalation of nanoscale Fe particles in a CF x matrix, and the reaction of these components to an electrically conductive C-FeF2 compound. The...

A multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) sponge network, coated by ALD V(2)O(5), presents the key characteristics needed to serve as a high-performance cathode in Li-ion batteries, exploiting (1) the highly electron-conductive nature of MWCNT, (2) unprecedented uniformity of ALD thin film coatings, and (3) high surface area and porosity of the MWCNT sponge material for ion transport. The core/shell ...