We present a method to analyze binary-lens microlensing light curves with one well-sampled fold caustic crossing. In general, the surface of χ shows extremely complicated behavior over the 9-parameter space that characterizes binary lenses. This makes it difficult to systematically search the space and verify that a given local minimum is a global minimum. We show that for events with well-moni...

We present the lightcurves of 21 gravitational microlensing events from the first six years of the MACHO Project gravitational microlensing survey which are likely examples of lensing by binary systems. These events were manually selected from a total sample of ∼ 350 candidate microlensing events which were either detected by the MACHO Alert System or discovered through retrospective analyses o...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in membrane surface properties and solute separation by a nanofiltration membrane during repetitive membrane fouling and chemical cleaning. Secondary treated effluent and model fouling solutions containing humic acids, sodium alginate, or silica colloids were used to simulate membrane fouling. Chemical cleaning was carried out using a commercial...

Axisymmetric toroidal wave fronts are pertinent to the near forward and backward scattering by objects that have rotational symmetry. For spheres, the wave field produced by such a wave front is known as glory scattering. As the wave front propagates, ome porton of it becomes focused on an axis, forming a structurally unstable line caustic. A specific lass of harmonic perturbations of the wave ...

BACKGROUND Ingestion of caustic substances is a medical emergency in both the adult and pediatric population and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The extent of injuries after ingestion of caustic substances depends on the nature, amount, and concentration of the agent and on the exposure time. Acutely, caustic substances may cause massive hemorrhage and gastrointestinal tract pe...

We simulate the growth of isolated dark matter haloes from self-similar and spherically symmetric initial conditions. Our N-body code integrates the geodesic deviation equation in order to track the streams and caustics associated with individual simulation particles. The radial orbit instability causes our haloes to develop major-to-minor axis ratios approaching 10 to 1 in their inner regions....

I investigate the caustics produced by the fall of collisionless dark matter in and out of a galaxy in the limit of negligible velocity dispersion. The outer caustics are spherical shells enveloping the galaxy. The inner caustics are rings. These are located near where the particles with the most angular momentum are at their distance of closest approach to the galactic center. The surface of a...

Digestive injury and complications resulting from caustic ingestion is the most challenging clinical situations encountered in gastroenterology. The commonest chemicals implicated in gastrointestinal caustic injury are alkaline and acid agents. The caustic ingestion is voluntarily and in suicidal intent in the most situations in adult .In fact, successful management of these patients requires m...

Caustic ingestion is a major health concern in both developed and developing countries, that may lead to serious esophageal injury. The clinical presentation of caustic ingestion in children vary from asymptomatic to serious and fatal sequelae, such as perforation and stricture formation. OBJECTIVE Due to the lack of a comprehensive study in our area, this study has evaluated clinical and end...

Ingestion of caustic substances and its long-term effect on the gastrointestinal system maintain its place as an important public health issue in spite of the multiple efforts to educate the public and contain its growing number. This is due to the ready availability of caustic agents and the loose regulatory control on its production. Substances with extremes of pH are very corrosive and can c...