INTRODUCTION Preoperative anaemia is linked to poor postsurgical outcome, longer hospital stays, greater risk of complications and mortality. Currently in the UK, some sites have developed anaemia clinics or pathways that use intravenous iron to correct iron deficiency anaemia prior to surgery as their standard of care. Although intravenous iron has been observed to be effective in a variety of...

I examine the association between college education and left-leaning views in Bolivia using novel survey data. My findings suggest that is associated with social preferences (college-educated individuals favor equality a tax system which not everybody must pay taxes) but right-leaning individual (they liberty respect for private property). results fit connotation given to terms like progre or s...

Evaluating value at risk (VaR) for a firm’s returns during periods of financial turmoil is challenging task because the high volatility in market. We propose estimating conditional VaR and expected shortfall (ES) given using quantile regression with cross-sectional (CSQR) data about other firms operating same An evaluation US market between 2000 2020 shows that our approach has certain advantag...

Extending from the organizing crime perspective, we study how legitimate world actors contribute to structuring a criminal network. This focus also underscores the facilitating role that some participants have in criminal settings. Based on a case study of an illegal drug importation network that was monitored by law-enforcement investigators over a two-year period, we find that although most l...