A major target of cadmium (Cd(2+)) toxicity is the kidney proximal tubule (PT) cell. Cd(2+)-induced apoptosis of PT cells is mediated by sequential activation of calpains at 3-6 h and caspases-9 and -3 after 24-h exposure. Calpains also partly contribute to caspase activation, which emphasizes the importance of calpains for PT apoptosis by Cd(2+). Upstream processes underlying Cd(2+)-induced ca...

We show that the canonical dimension cd Spin2n+1 of the spinor group Spin2n+1 has an inductive upper bound given by n + cd Spin2n−1. Using this bound, we determine the precise value of cd Spin n for all n ≤ 16 (previously known for n ≤ 10). We also obtain an upper bound for the canonical dimension of the semi-spinor group cd Spin∼ n in terms of cd Spin n−2. This bound determines cdSpin ∼ n for ...

The coordination geometry of the Cd(II) atom in the title complex, [Cd(NCO)(2)(C(10)H(14)N(4))(2)](n) or [Cd(NCO)(2)(bimb)(2)](n), where bimb is 1,4-bis-(imidazol-1-yl)butane, is distorted octa-hedral with the Cd(II) atom located on an inversion center and connected to four N atoms from the imidazole units of four symmetry-related bimb ligands and two O atoms from two symmetry-related NCO(-) li...

In the title complex, [Cd(C(2)F(3)O(2))(NO(3))(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)], the Cd(II) ion is hepta-coordinated by two chelating 2,2'-bipyridyl ligands [Cd⋯N 2.370 (6)-2.416 (6) Å], one carboxyl-ate O atom [Cd⋯O 2.290 (6) Å] from the trifluoro-acetate ligand and two O atoms [Cd⋯O 2.386 (6), 2.633 (6) Å] from a chelating nitrate anion. The trifluoro-methyl fragment is rotationally disordered between two ...

OBJECTIVE The effects of cadmium (Cd) on birth weight have been discussed in the scientific literature. However, investigations on the effects of maternal body burden of Cd on the next generation during pregnancy and lactation have been limited. The relation between maternal exposure to Cd and pregnancy outcome or Cd in breast milk in Japanese mothers was investigated. METHODS Cd concentratio...

Collecting duct (CD)-derived endothelin-1 (ET-1) exerts natriuretic, diuretic, and hypotensive effects. In vitro studies have implicated cyclooxygenase (COX) metabolites, and particularly PGE(2), as important mediators of CD ET-1 effects. However, it is unknown whether PGE(2) mediates CD-derived ET-1 actions in vivo. To test this, CD ET-1 knockout (KO) and control mice were studied. During norm...