Costimulatory molecules help determine T cell responses. CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2), costimulatory proteins on antigen-presenting cells, bind to CD28 on T cells. When costimulation is coupled with a signal through the T cell receptor (TCR), T cell proliferation and cytokine secretion are induced. However, TCR signaling without CD80/CD86CD28 costimulation causes anergy. During multiple sclerosi...

Stimulation of resting CD4 T cells with anti-CD3/CD28-coated beads leads to rapid polarization of lipid rafts (LRs). It has been postulated that a major role of costimulation is to facilitate LR aggregation. CD86 is up-regulated or expressed aberrantly on immune cells in a wide array of autoimmune and infectious diseases. Using an Ig fusion with the extracellular domain of CD86 (CD86Ig) bound t...

Dendritic cells comprise a system of highly efficient antigen-presenting cells involved in the initiation of T cell responses. Herein, we investigated the role of the CD28 pathway during alloreactive T cell proliferation induced by dendritic-Langerhans cells (D-Lc) generated by culturing human cord blood CD34+ progenitor cells with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and tumor necr...

A centrofollicular hyperplasia is present within secondary lymphoid organs during all the asymptomatic phase of the HIV disease. Although this hyperplasia has been well characterized by histological studies, the nature of the phenotypic alterations in B cell populations occurring within HIV+ lymphoid organs remains to be established. By immunohistochemistry, we thus investigated whether a parti...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced preterm delivery. Intraperitoneal injection of LPS in the presence or absence of previous TLR4 blockade was performed to establish a murine model of preterm delivery. The incidences of preterm delivery and fetal death were calculated. Flow cytometry was performed...

Leprosy is a spectral disease exhibiting two polar sides, namely, lepromatous leprosy (LL) characterised by impaired T-cell responses and tuberculoid leprosy in which T-cell responses are strong. Proper T-cell activation requires signalling through costimulatory molecules expressed by antigen presenting cells and their ligands on T-cells. We studied the influence of costimulatory molecules on t...

INTRODUCTION CD86 is a costimulatory molecule that participates in the regulation of T-cell lymphocytes activation. Thus, we examined a genetic marker on the CD86 gene in kidney transplant outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our retrospective study, 168 kidney allograft recipients were genotyped by direct sequencing. Patients were classified into 2 groups of 29 human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-ide...

The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and costimulatory molecule (CD80/CD86) genes are important susceptibility genes associated with autoimmune diseases. CTLA-4 polymorphisms have been found to be associated with various autoimmune diseases. However, the association data are inconsistent for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the genetic association of CTLA-4 and CD8...

Activation of T cells requires both TCR-specific ligation by direct contact with peptide Ag-MHC complexes and coligation of the B7 family of ligands through CD28/CTLA-4 on the T cell surface. We recently reported that coadministration of CD86 cDNA along with DNA encoding HIV-1 Ags i.m. dramatically increased Ag-specific CTL responses. We investigated whether the bone marrow-derived professional...