The Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conserved kinase cascade involved in the control of tissue homeostasis, cellular differentiation, proliferation, and organ size, regulated by cell-cell contact, apical cell polarity, mechanical signals. Miss-regulation this can lead to cancer. acts through inhibition transcriptional coactivators YAP TAZ phosphorylation. Among various signaling mechanisms c...

Background: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure with unknown causes are the controversial issues that are probably related to the immune system. Objective: To compare circulating NK cells expressing activation and inhibition surface markers between patients with RSA and IVF failure with those of healthy multiparous and successful IVF control women, resp...

the purpose of the present study is to investigate the cytotoxicity/apoptotic effect of 2-chloro-2′-deoxyadenosine, cladribine, (2-cda) in the human breast cancer cell line, mda-mb468 (estrogen receptor negative, er−). mtt [3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2h tetrazolium bromide] assay, annexin v-fluorescein/pi and hoechst 33258 staining were used to detect cytotoxicity and cell apopto...

CD44 is a cell surface glycoprotein transmembrane receptor that involved in cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions. It crucially associates with several molecules composing the extracellular matrix, main one of which hyaluronic acid. ubiquitously expressed various types cells regulation important signaling pathways, thus playing key role physiological pathological processes. Structural informat...

Background: Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are the main sensors of pathogen and danger signals in innate immunity of which Toll Like Receptors (TLRs) are the most studied ones. The contribution of PRRs in cerebral inflammation induced by microbial infection, tissue damage and cancer has not extensively been addressed so far. Glioma is the most common tumor of the central nervous system an...

background and aims: understanding β-cell function at the molecular level will likely facilitate the development of β-cells manufacture techniques. the aim of the present study was to investigate the pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (pdx-1) gene expression into dtz-stained cellular clusters originating from emberyonal carcinoma cells. methods: this implemental -fundamental study was accomplis...

introduction: bombesin is a 14-aminoacid peptide isolated from frog skin. the mammalian counterparts of the frog peptide are neuromedin b (nmb) and gastrin-releasing peptide (grp). bombesin (bbn) is a peptide showing high affinity for the gastrin releasing peptide receptor (grpr). prostate, small cell lung cancer, breast, gastric, and colon cancers are known to over express receptors to bombesi...

Background: Understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in cell/tumor growth and progression has led to molecular-targeted therapy. HER1 and HER2 are two main oncogenic components of HER-receptor family considered as targets for cancer research and therapy. Reliable results of HER- related research and targeted therapies dependent upon cell line with known HER expression status....

objective(s): development of molecules that specifically recognize cancer cells is one of the major areas in cancer research. human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (her2) is specifically expressed on the surface of breast cancer cells. her2 is associated with an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. in this study we aimed to isolate rna aptamers that specifically bind to her2 overexpressi...

A new betacoronavirus (CoV-2) is responsible for the pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) that began in China at end 2019, today known as COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Subsequent studies confirmed human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) main cell receptor spike trimeric glycoprotein, located on viral envelope, mediating CoV-2 invasion into host cells through recepto...