Lipid nanocapsules (LNCs) represent a stable, biocompatible and worthwhile drug delivery system, demonstrating significant potential as gene/drug delivery platforms for cancer therapy. Imatinib, a potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has revolutionized the therapy of malignancies resulting from abnormal tyrosine kinase activity. However, its Clinical effectiveness in cancer treatment is h...

Dacarbazine is an antitumor prodrug which is used for the treatment of malignant metastatic melanoma and Hodgkin’s disease. It requires initial activation in liver through an N-demethylationreaction. The active metabolite prevents the progress of disease via alkylation of guanine bases in DNA strands. In order to investigate the importance of imidazole ring and its dynamictautomerization in ant...

Citation: Duchemin M, Khamassi M, Xu L, Tudor D and Bomsel M (2018) IgA Targeting Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Envelope gp41 Triggers Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Cross-Clade and Cooperates with gp41-Specific IgG to Increase Cell Lysis. Front. Immunol. 9:244. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00244 iga Targeting human immunodeficiency Virus-1 envelope gp41 Triggers antibody-Dependent cellul...

HIV-1 infected cells are eliminated in infected individuals by a variety of cellular mechanisms, the best characterized of which are cytotoxic T cell and NK cell-mediated killing. An additional antiviral mechanism is antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Here we use primary CD4(+) T cells infected with the BaL clone of HIV-1 as target cells and autologous NK cells, monocytes, and neutrophil...

While the cytotoxic effects of titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) nanoparticles have been under intense investigation, the molecular mechanisms of this cytotoxicity remain unknown. Here we investigated the influence of oncogenic transformation and a major apoptotic signaling pathway on cellular responses to TiO(2) nanoparticles. Isogenic wild-type (WT) and apoptosis-resistant (Bak(-/-)Bax(-/-)) cell lin...

The cytotoxicity of diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) toward human leukemic promyelocytic cells HL-60 was examined. DEPs were toxic and cytotoxicity increased in a dose-dependent manner. All cells died with 750 microg/ml DEPs in culture media. Apoptosis occurred in HL-60 cells exposed to DEPs. The cytotoxicity of DEP extracts with organic solvents was much lower than those of DEPs and organic sol...

Host immunity to a growing antigenic solid tumor was studied with a transplanted methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma (MCA-25) in inbred female strain 2 guinea pigs. Tumor-specific cellular immunity was evaluated in vivo by delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions to a transplanta tion antigen extract of the tumor and in vitro by splenic lymphocyte-mediated cytoxicity. Animals receiving 100,0...

In a microcytotoxicity assay we tested lymphocyte cytotoxicity against autologous hepatocytes. The following cytotoxicity values were found (given mean +/- SEM): acute non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis 45.7 +/- 4.3% (n = 7), chronic NANB hepatitis 32.8 +/- 5.1% (n = 11), chronic active hepatitis B (CAH-B) 27.7 +/- 6.7% (n = 10), toxic lesions 18.1 +/- 4.2% (n = 18), controls with normal liver histo...

To explore the novel properties of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) in nanotoxicity assays, the adsorption of phenol red (a pH indicator for culture medium) by multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and three kinds of carbon blacks (CBs) with nanosize, and its effects on cytotoxicity were studied. Results indicated that the phenol red adsorbed and delivered into cells by CBs was responsible for the t...