data suggest that the multifocal electroretinography (mferg) may have a role in the assessment of patients with central retinal vein occlusion (crvo). to explore the mferg responses in patients with crvo. mferg responses were recorded at 61 discrete retinal locations from both eyes of 25 patients diagnosed with retinal vein occlusions within 3 weeks of onset. the latencies and amplitudes of ave...

fructose consumption has increased dramatically in the last 40 years, and its role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome has been implicated by many studies. it is most often encountered in the diet as sucrose (glucose and fructose) or high-fructose corn syrup (55% fructose). at high levels, dietary exposure to fructose triggers a series of metabolic changes originating in the liver, le...

diagnosis of cardiac tamponade has been mainly based on clinical features and echocardiography. however, ct may be an initial tool for the evaluation of cardiac tamponade because cutting edge ct is increasingly being installed in the emergency room, and presentation of cardiac tamponade can be nonspecific. importantly, ct has better spatial resolution compared with echocardiography. thus, ident...

central giant cell granuloma (cgcg) is a benign proliferation of fibroblasts and multinucleated giant cells that almost exclusively occurs in the jaws. it commonly occurs in young adults showing a female predilection in the anterior mandible. multifocal cgcgs in maxillofacial region are very rare and suggestive of systemic diseases such as hyperparathyroidism, an inherited syndrome such as noon...

central anticholinergic syndrome (cas) following general anesthesia (ga) is a well known syndrome in children and adults. many cases of cas have been previously reported in the literature. however, there are only two reports of post resuscitation cas after administration of small doses of atropine. hereby, we report a case of cas in a child undergoing complete dental restoration under ga after ...

the purpose of this research is to prioritize the indexes of discretion, heterogeny and autogeny factors in order to analyze and evaluate their readiness for ideal situation of central bank of the islamic republic of iran (cbi). this research is an exploratory kind and in terms of method is a survey kind. the data collection tool is questionnaire. after two delphi cycles, in final questionnaire...

purpose: to evaluate the etiologic and epidemiologic findings in central retinal artery occlusion (crao) patients in a tertiary eye center in tehran, iran. methods: all patients with crao refered to the emergency department of farabi hospital during 2001-2002 were enrolled in the study. all patients received routine treatment and were followed for 3 months. cardiology consult was done for all p...

purpose: to evaluate corneal thickness changes after soft contact lens (scl) removal in lasik candidates. methods: fifty lasik candidates (100 eyes) with history of daily wear scl for at least 6 months were enrolled in this descriptive study. central corneal thickness was measured by ultrasonic pachymetry immediately after lens removal and then repeated daily at the same time, until the thickne...

introduction:the assessment of intravascular volume in severely traumatized patients or patients admitted in icu is very essential. at present the accurate method for estimating the intravascular volume requirement is by measuring the cvp which is an invasive method. the measurement of ivc diameter by ultrasound has been suggested as an easily available and simple method for measuring the intra...

neuroinflammation as a protective mechanism for repairing tissue damage in the central nervous system (cns), has been classified into two types: acute and chronic. it is characterized by the activation of microglia and astrocytes and the increase levels of different chemokines and cytokines. neuroinflammation can be harmful, and it is a common pathological feature in neurodegenerative and psych...