Ischaemic stroke is responsible for up to 80% of stroke cases. Prevention of the reoccurrence of ischaemic attack or stroke for patients who survived the first symptoms is the major treatment target. Accurate diagnosis of the emboli source for a specific infarction lesion is very important for a better treatment for the patient. However, due to the complex blood flow patterns in the cerebral ar...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Subarachnoid hemorrhage frequently leads to long-term cerebral artery narrowing called vasospasm. Very early changes in cerebral arteries have not been studied extensively and may be critical for the later pathological developments. We therefore determined what changes in the reactivity of cerebral arteries could be observed after 10 minutes' or 24 hours' contact with sub...

The vascular effects of 15-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HPETE) and 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) were investigated on isolated helical strips of canine cerebral and coronary arteries. 15-HPETE caused strong concentration-related contraction of cerebral arteries under resting tension. After contraction with prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), 15-HPETE caused marked relaxatio...

BACKGROUND The authors determined the segmental effects of intracarotid verapamil in human subjects by using a novel method of measuring proximal and distal cerebrovascular resistance. Their hypothesis was that intracarotid verapamil, a calcium channel-blocking drug that augments cerebral blood flow and reverses arterial spasm, would decrease both the proximal-conductance and the distal-arterio...

Fetal cerebrovascular responses to acute hypoxia are fundamentally different from those observed in the adult cerebral circulation. The magnitude of hypoxic vasodilatation in the fetal brain increases with postnatal age although fetal cerebrovascular responses to acute hypoxia can be complicated by age-dependent depressions of blood pressure and ventilation. Acute hypoxia promotes adenosine rel...

Choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity was surveyed in segments of cranial arteries--both cerebral and extracerebral--from the cat. High levels were found in pial arteries, both cerebral and cerebellar, and in the arteries to salivary glands, tongue, and nose. Intermediate levels were found in the external and internal maxillary arteries and many of their branches. Enzyme levels in the arter...

A ctivation of leukocytes may play a part in the / \ complex pathophysiological cascade leading to A.V. vasomotor reaction in cerebral arteries. In this issue of Stroke, Akopov et al report changes in endothelium-dependent relaxation by intravascular chemical leukocyte activation involving the cerebral circulation. This interesting study highlights a potential role for leukocytes in the modulat...

The S/ia/cer-type K (Kv1) channels are heterotetramers composed of a1.2 and a1.5 pore-forming subunits, which mediate vasodilation of the cerebral circulation. Specialized domains and motifs in the pore-forming a1 subunits are reported to permit interaction with other proteins to facilitate the formation of multi-protein Kv1 channel complexes. These ancillary proteins are known to modulate Kv1 ...

BACKGROUND Moyamoya syndrome is a vasculopathy characterised by progressive occlusion of the cerebral arteries resulting in the development of abnormal collateral circulation. To diagnose this syndrome, imaging of the cerebral arteries is required including CT- or MR-angiography and conventional angiography. We present a case of moyamoya disease with typical findings detected in the sonography....