OBJECTIVE To determine possible effects of prolonged marijuana use on the cerebrovascular system during a month of monitored abstinence and to assess how the intensity of current use might have influenced cerebrovascular perfusion in these marijuana users. METHOD The authors recorded blood flow velocity in the anterior and middle cerebral arteries using transcranial Doppler sonography in thre...

One of the most effective ways of engaging students of physiology and medicine is through laboratory demonstrations and case studies that combine 1) the use of equipment, 2) problem solving, 3) visual representations, and 4) manipulation and interpretation of data. Depending on the measurements made and the type of test, laboratory demonstrations have the added benefit of being able to show mul...

Human apolipoprotein E (apoE) has 3 isoforms: apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4. APOE4 is a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer disease and is associated with dementia in Down syndrome and poor neurological outcome after traumatic brain injury, cerebral hemorrhage, and other neuropathological disorders. While apoE4 can induce neuropathology by participating in various cellular and molecular pathways,...

Record Linkage in Studies of Cerebrovascular Disease in Oxford, England • Data collected by record linkage are used as a basis for an analysis of the burden of cerebrovascular diseases in a population of 340,000 in central England. Comparison with studies which use other methods in the United States and England indicate that for all cerebrovascular diseases together, and for subarachnoid hemorr...

OBJECTIVE To describe the design and rationale for the genetic analysis of acute and chronic cerebrovascular neuroimaging phenotypes detected on clinical MRI in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) within the scope of the MRI-GENetics Interface Exploration (MRI-GENIE) study. METHODS MRI-GENIE capitalizes on the existing infrastructure of the Stroke Genetics Network (SiGN). In total, 12 i...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a selectively permeable cerebrovascular endothelial barrier that maintains homeostasis between the periphery and the central nervous system. BBB disruption is a consequence of ischemic stroke and BBB permeability can be altered by infection/inflammation, but the complex cellular and molecular changes that result in this BBB alteration need...

Abnormalities in the cerebrovascular system play a central role in many neurologic diseases. The on-going expansion of rodent models of human cerebrovascular diseases and the need to use these models to understand disease progression and treatment has amplified the need for reproducible non-invasive imaging methods for high-resolution visualization of the complete cerebral vasculature. In this ...

The aim of this investigation was to view characteristics of vestibular nystagmus (spontaneous, latent, and positional) through Frenzel's spectacles in patients with asymptomatic cerebrovascular disease (ACVD), with the intent of providing an early diagnosis and appropriate prophylaxis. We examined a total of 228 men (mean age, 48.04 +/- 7.8 years), a mean group of 150 men with proven asymptoma...

In vivo models of cerebral ischemia do not fully control for the interacting effects of many variables (e.g., anesthesia, temperature, cerebrovascular changes) and often do not clearly define the region affected. Numerous in vivo studies have indicated that hyperglycemia augments ischemic brain damage; this effect is often attributed to lactic acidosis. To separate the effects on neuronal tissu...