OBJECTIVE To identify store tobacco policies and retailer perception and beliefs that may have contributed to changes in compliance with youth access laws in California. DESIGN In the winter of 1996-7, a cross sectional, follow up telephone survey was conducted of California store managers whose stores were anonymously surveyed for illegal tobacco sales in the summer of 1996 (that is, 1996 Yo...

OBJECTIVE This study provides a multivariate analysis of the availability of food store outlets in the US and associations with neighborhood characteristics on race, ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES). METHOD Commercial food store outlet data are linked across 28,050 zip codes to Census 2000 data. Multivariate regression analyses are used to examine associations between the availability...

In recent years, by population expansion and consequently expansion in service industries, competition has grown in retailing industry more than ever. Retailers can overcome competition in retailing industry by creating attractive, enjoyable, and even more exciting store environment. The purpose of this study is to help marketers, managers and retailers to create an enjoyable and memorable expe...

Local retail stores are currently facing intense competition from both online retailers and large chain stores. An understanding of local store patronage (i.e., in one's own community) is essential to the survival growth retailers. Drawing on Social Capital Theory, we theorize show with store-level survey data influence social capital (community attachment reciprocity) a urban setting. We find ...

the intention of this paper is to define the concept of the spirit of place, and then to identify methods for its preservation in historical urban contexts. in fact, this study seeks to answer the question whether the spirit of the place and its components can be derived from tissue structure to improve? and whether we can weave his old identity in psychological indicators - human behavior foun...

Aims of the Study: This study was carried out to determine the effective factors in environmental health status of grocery stores in the city of Qom (located in the center of Iran). Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 283 grocery stores from 3 different regions were selected randomly using stratified sampling. Data were gathered through ...

the air temperature trend has been increasing during recent decades, especially in the regions such as iran which is located in dry and semi-dry world belt. in this research we used markov chain to obtain probabilities of heat waves with different continues in kerman province using 20 years daily maximum air temperature data during 1986-2005. we analyzed daily maximum air temperature data of 5 ...