A mathematical model is developed to describe the heat transfer and fluid flow in stationary keyhole plasma arc welding. Using the volume of fluid method, the processes of heating, melting, collapsing and subsequent solidifying in the molten pool are dynamically studied. The predicted results have been compared with the experimental weld and keyhole shape. Using the LaserStrobe video system, th...

In this paper the joinability of titanium Additive Manufactured (AM) parts is explored. Keyhole welding, using a pulsed laser beam, of conventionally produced parts is compared to AM parts. Metal AM parts are notorious for having remaining porosities and other non-isotropic properties due to the layered manufacturing process. This study shows that due to these deficiencies more energy per unit ...

In this paper, a heat-flow coupling model of laser welding at preheating temperature was established by the FLUENT 19.0 software. The fluctuation keyhole wall and melt flow behavior in molten pool under different temperatures were analyzed, correlation between with spatters bubbles obtained. results indicate that when outer middle rear is convex, inner concave, which causes spatter or bottom to...

Process parameters of selective laser melting, such as track height, width and depth penetration, affect the characteristics fused single tracks. The properties additively manufactured 3D parts depend strongly on quality melted tracks resultant layers. Layers formed with a good penetration provide strong bonding between consecutive layers substrate. Poor leads to delamination In this study effe...

Wire + arc additive manufacture (WAAM) is suitable for building large-scale components with high deposition rate. However, in order to further increase the rate of Ti-6Al-4V improve productivity and reduce costs without significantly compromising quality, some fundamental process characteristics need be investigated. In this paper, effect wire size on limitation bead shape plasma was studied al...

Image-based surgical techniques can support minimally invasive keyhole neurosurgery through the segmentation of computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, optimal surgical planning, and surgical guidance. Keyhole neurosurgery requires automatic surgical planning and accuracy guidance for a target of the non-invasive or minimally invasive treatment of an anatomical structure. For support...