Recent advances in lithium ion battery modeling suggest degradation may be reduced by permitting unequal but controlled charging of individual cells, delayed until immediately prior to discharge. Hence, this paper compares anode-side film formation for a standard equalization scheme versus unequal charging through switches controlled by deterministic dynamic programming (DDP) and DDP-inspired a...

The electric vehicle (EV) has been developing rapidly and predicting the lifetime of Li-ion batteries in EVs has become an important issue. Characteristics of human drivers and the battery configuration interact and both play important roles in determining EV battery lifetime. Moreover, due to the relatively high cost of real EVs and long testing time for battery life of EVs, it is important to...

In recent years, the popularity of wireless inductive power transfer (WIPT) system for electric vehicle battery charging (EVBC) is always ever-increasing. In the WIPT inductively coupled coil structure is the heart of the system and the mutual inductance (MI) between the coupled coils is the key factor for effective power transfer. This paper presents the analysis of mutual inductance between t...

Because the charging process for Li+ batteries can take an hour or longer, testing a Li+ battery charger using its natural load (i.e., a battery) is time consuming and inconvenient. This application note presents a simple circuit for simulating the behavior of a Li+ battery, thus providing a more convenient method for testing Li+ battery chargers than using real batteries. A similar version of ...

Class-D full bridge is the most common inverter topology at the primary side for wireless electric vehicles (EVs) charging systems. This study takes a novel topology of a phase-controlled inverter as the power amplifier and puts it in a context of the whole charging system. The proposed inverter topology regulates the charging power through adjusting the phase-shift angle among phases with a co...

The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) grows in rapid fashion in the transportation industry. However, limited battery capacity of EVs and the lack of charging facilities become challenges to obtain efficient route plans. In this paper, we propose a variant of electric vehicle routing problems considering the limited charging capacity at each station and the possibility of strategic partial re...

This paper presents a novel real-time strategy for active power sharing in a fuel-cell-powered charging station for advanced technology batteries. This control scheme can adjust the charging currents according to the estimated state-of-charge which is obtained by estimating the battery open-circuit voltage with current correction and linearly fitting between the opencircuit voltage and the stat...

The series–parallel resonant converter (also called line level control (LLC) resonant converter) is one of the most suitable topologies for dc–dc power supply. This study introduces the LLC resonant converter into the on-board battery chargers for the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) applications. Different from the previous literature which has focused on the wide operation range and hol...

As mobile applications transition into providing richer content and supporting more use-cases, it has become increasingly apparent that smart-phones are constrained by battery life. Industry has put great effort into energy-aware hardware platforms, but little attention has been given to designing energy efficiency around user charging behavior. If smart-phones were to become capable of accurat...