Since the publication of "Application Guideline for Western Traditional Herbal Medicines as OTC Drugs" in 2007, only two European ethnopharmaceuticals, Vitis vinifera L., folium extract (Antistax) and Vitex agnus-castus L., fructus extract (Prefemin), have been approved as OTC drugs in Japan. In this review, we describe the current regulation of Western ethnopharmaceuticals in Japan, summarize ...

peduncidaris by Messrs. James Finlay & Co., Ltd., Calcutta, in March 1936 by means of an extract from Circular No. 1 (1936) of the Dooars Planters' Association. The extract was entitled ' Vitex Peduncularis and Blackwater Fever ' by L. J. de la Nougerede. In April 1936 Dr. D. Finlayson of Munnar, Travancore, kindly sent me a report from Air. C. Rowson, a planter of great experience from the sam...

Three new labdane-type diterpenoids, viteagnusins F, G, and H, were isolated from the hexane extract of fruit (chasteberry) of Vitex agnus-castus L. (Verbenaceae) along with seven known compounds including four labdane-type diterpenoids, one norlabdane-type diterpenoid, one aromadendrane-type sesquiterpenoid, and one flavonoid. The chemical structures of the three new labdane-type diterpenoids ...

olive is a perennial evergreen tree which has good adaptability to poor environmental conditions such as salt and drought resistance. in recent years, there is a tendency to plant olive trees in green spaces. therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate 15 olive cultivars regarding growth habit, form, and texture to recommend for landscape. six-year-old trees of 15 olive cultivars, which h...

Chastity is the state in which love life of Tamils centred and manifested. to fully attain mind genuine (Kalaviyal). conducting wedding ceremony (Karanam) with knowledge whole world. Marriages are completed by tying Mangal Sutra. Even after lover's misconduct, women being still considered unworthy, a procedure called ‘Karanam’ conducted publicly. sets illustrate way Man Women conduct their live...

Black gospelwoman and pastor Shirley Ann Caesar Williams, better known as “Shirley Caesar” to her listeners over the last several decades, entered a professionalization phase of ministry career from 1958 1966 when she joined performed with The Caravans. Being Caravan member brought it possibility being in compromising situations while on road, which would expose Caesar—a woman—to sexual (and ra...