The ability to repair damage spontaneously, which is termed self-healing, is an important survival feature in nature because it increases the lifetime of most living creatures. This feature is highly desirable for rechargeable batteries because the lifetime of high-capacity electrodes, such as silicon anodes, is shortened by mechanical fractures generated during the cycling process. Here, inspi...

The analysis of quantitative PCR data usually does not take into account the fact that the increase in fluorescence depends on the monitoring chemistry, the input of ds-DNA or ss-cDNA, and the directionality of the targeting of probes or primers. The monitoring chemistries currently available can be categorized into six groups: (A) DNA-binding dyes; (B) hybridization probes; (C) hydrolysis prob...

Metabolism is the process of nutrient uptake and conversion, : Background and executed by the metabolic network. Its evolutionary precursors most likely originated in non-enzymatic chemistry. To be exploitable in a Darwinian process that forms a metabolic pathway, non-enzymatic reactions need to form a chemical network that produces advantage-providing metabolites in a single, life compatible c...

T he myxobacteria are social and capable of constructing intricate macroscopic structures called fruiting bodies. First recognized as bacteria in 1892 by the cryptogamic botanist Roland Thaxter, these exotic anomalies have proved challenging to microbiologists. Even so, we now know a great deal about the nutrition, life cycle, growth physiology, intermediary metabolism, structural chemistry, ge...

A photochemical theory is proposed for producing complex polymers in a methane atmosphere. It is argued that the polyacetylenes (C2nH2) are the most likely precursor molecules for the formation of the stratospheric haze layer on Titan. The production of polyacetylenes involves a strong positive feedback, leading to more production of polyactylenes. The thermosphere of Titan may undergo substant...

in the present work, multidimensional modeling of open-cycle process of om355 engine was developed. calculations for computational mesh were carried out. the results of the model were validated by experimentally measured in-cylinder pressure and the good agreement between calculations and measurements approved the trustworthy of numerical code. results included pressure, temperature, emission a...

When cells divide, the chromosomes must be delivered flawlessly to the daughter cells. Missing or extra chromosomes can result in birth defects and cancer. Chance events are the starting point for chromosome delivery, which makes the process prone to error. Errors are avoided by diverse uses of mechanical tension from mitotic forces. Tension stabilizes the proper chromosome configuration, contr...

Is there tight channelling in the tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolon? Balazs Sumegi,§ A. Dean Sherry,§ Craig R. Malloy,*$ Claudia Evans*t and Paul A. Srere*t *Pre-Clinical Science Unit of the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, tDepartment of Biochemistry and $The Mary Nell & Ralph B. Rogers N.M.R. Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 4500 South Lanc...

Centre for Systems Chemistry, Strating Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Univers Groningen, The Netherlands. E-mail: b.l Fax: +31-50-3634279 Department of Radiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groning † Electronic supplementary information ( 1–8 and NMR spectra. Isomerization Isomerization cycle of compound 1 (Fig. CD spectra for compound 1 and 8 (Fig compound 1 (Fig. S15) ...