The concentrations of malate, calcium ions, hydrogen ions, and chloride ions were measured in secretions coliected hetween June 1991 and May 1992 from the secretor\ trichomes of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.|. The average maiate cisncentration was 114 mM and \ aried from 2 to 2K7 mM. the average chloride ion concentration «as 177 mM and varied trom 68 to 355 mM, and the average calcium ion conce...

Accumulation of beef cattle manure on feedlot pen surfaces generates large amounts of dissolved solutes that can be mobilized by water fluxes, affecting surface and groundwater quality. Our objective was to examine the long-term impacts of a beef cattle feeding operation on water fluxes and manure leaching in feedlot pens located on sandy loam soils of the subhumid Sandy Pampa region in Argenti...

Building on work of Tyagi (2005), we present expressions for calculating the corner ion, edge-center ion, and face-center ion Madelung constants for bulk sodium chloride crystals. In [1], Crandall gives a historical overview of attempts to evaluate the Madelung constant for bulk ionic crystals. For sodium chloride he gave an expression for this in terms of the following series.

An iodide ion-selective PVC membrane sensor based on copper (Π)-bis-Nphenilsalicyldenaminatocomplex as a novel sensing material is successfully developed. Theelectrode showed a good selectivity for iodide ion with respect to common inorganic anions. Thesensor exhibited a good linear response with slope of _58.6 ± 0.4 mV per decade over theconcentration range of 5.0 × 10-6 to 1.0 × 10-1 mol L-1,...

one and two dimensional contaminant transport by pure diffusion through single layer of fine grained soil was investigated using one and two dimensional laboratory models. these models simulates a simple hydrogeologic situation underneath a solid waste landfill comprising a fine grained soil overlying a bed rock. sodium chloride solution was sued as a contaminant source above a compacted clayey...

Metal oxychlorides are proved to be new cathode materials for chloride ion batteries. However, this kind of cathode materials is still in a very early stage of research and development. The obtained reversible capacity is low and the electrochemical reaction mechanism concerning chloride ion transfer is not clear. Herein, we report FeOCl/carbon composites prepared by mechanical milling of the a...

The proposed recommendation for measuring and reporting chloride in undiluted plasma or blood by ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) will provide results that are identical to chloride concentrations measured by coulometry for standardized normal plasma or blood samples. It is applicable to all current ISEs dedicated to chloride measurement in undiluted samples that meet the requirements. However, ...

Calcineurin plays a critical role in Ca(2+) signaling in various cell types. In fission yeast, calcineurin is required for cytokinesis and chloride ion homeostasis. However, most of its physiological functions remain obscure. A genetic screen was performed to identify genes that share an essential function with calcineurin. We screened for mutations that confer sensitivity to the calcineurin in...

The pure organic liquids nitrobenzene (NB) and 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) have been studied by means of molecular dynamics simulations. Both solvents are extremely important in various interfacial processes, mainly connected with ion transfer taking place across the interface with water. Thermodynamic (mass density, enthalpy of vaporization, isothermal compressibility, dipole moment) and ...

BACKGROUND Metabolic acidosis is highly prevalent in critically ill patients with acute renal failure. Little is known about the mechanisms by which renal replacement therapy intervenes in such cases. The objective of this study is to analyze the role of hemodialysis in acidosis correction in intensive care unit patients, with an emphasis on chloride levels in plasma and dialysate. METHODS We...