Near-field coherent structures in turbulent jets from round and square fractal orifices are examined with a Fourier-POD (FPOD) technique at two nozzle diameters the exit. In jet, energy is mostly contained wavenumber $m=0$, associated Kelvin-Helmholtz vortex rings, while jet fundamental azimuthal $m=4$ capture most energy. Nevertheless, radial FPOD profiles nearly insensitive to orifice geometr...

Impact cratering is a common geological process in the Solar System and most planetary bodies display geomorphologies strongly influenced by impacts (Lowman 1997). Fresh impact craters are normally characterized by a circular morphology (Melosh 1989). This surface expression is modified on Earth by active geological processes. The variation of terrestrial impact structure expressions suggests a...

We study topological groups G G for which either the universal minimal -system M left-parenthesis upper G right-parent...

Venus displays thousands of old circular structures, with topographic rims 5-2000 km in diameter, that have the morphology and cookie-cutter superposition required of impact craters and basins. Many structures have interior central or ring uplifts or broad, low volcanic constructs. Many are multiring. Old uplands are saturated with the structures, which there are variably eroded, whereas lowlan...

The influence of solvent on the individual amino acids of a protein depends not simply on their surface exposure but rather on the degree of their burial within the structure. This property can be related to a simple geometrical measure termed circular variance. Circular variance depends on the spatial distribution of neighboring residues and varies from zero to one as a residue becomes buried....

In 1963 by Dulbecco and Vogt (1963) and Weil and Vinograd (1963) discovered that doublestranded DNA of the polyoma virus exists in a closed circular form. At present it is generally acknowledged that this form is typical of bacterial DNA and of cytoplasmic DNA in animals. Furthermore, giant DNA molecules in higher organisms form loop structures held together by protein fasteners in which each l...