The circadian rhythm is originally generated by a transcription-translation based oscillatory loop composed of a set of clock genes in most organisms. The clock gene oscillation is generated by the core loop in each neuron of the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus. Phosphorylation and ubiquitination of clock proteins play the crucial role for the rhythmic transcription of clock genes. The cor...

2 Digitizer 1GHz clock generation and control 5 2.1 Digitizer clock control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.2 Reference generation and coarse clock delay control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.3 Phase locked-loop (PLL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.4 Digitizer clock fine delay control . . . . . . . . ...

A cyclic nature of quantum mechanical clock is discussed as “quantization of time.” Quantum mechanical clock is seen to be equivalent to the relativistic classical clock. John von Neumann proposed a problem [1] in 1932 in the footnote on page 6 of the English translation [2] of his book “Die Mathematische Grundlagen der Quantenmechanik,” Springer-Verlag, Berlin: – in all attempts to develop a g...

Zebrafish tissues and cells have the unusual feature of not only containing a circadian clock, but also being directly light-responsive. Several zebrafish genes are induced by light, but little is known about their role in clock resetting or the mechanism by which this might occur. Here we show that Cryptochrome 1a (Cry1a) plays a key role in light entrainment of the zebrafish clock. Intensity ...

Awareness of the need for robustness in distributed systems increases as distributed systems become an integral part of day-to-day systems. Tolerating Byzantine faults and possessing self-stabilizing features are sensible and important requirements of distributed systems in general, and of a fundamental task such as clock synchronization in particular. There are efficient solutions for Byzantin...

We examined influence of a clock ticking on task performance using a laboratory experiment. We determined performance at various clock speeds using a trick clock that allowed us to control the speed of the ticking. We found that which the clock ticked, and people performed more slowly with a slow clock. We demonstrated that common environmental stimuli we encounter in life, such as the ticking ...

Low power chip requirement in the VLSI industry is main considerable field due to the reduction of chip dimension day by day and environmental factors. In this paper various low power techniques at Gate level, Architecture level and different tradeoffs between different clock distribution schemes like as single driver clock scheme and distributed buffers clock scheme are reviewed. Here it is al...