Clovers (genus Trifolium) are a large and widespread genus of legumes. A number of clovers are of agricultural importance as forage crops in grassland agriculture, particularly temperate areas. White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is used in grazed pasture and red clover (T. pratense L.) is widely cut and conserved as a winter feed. For the diploid red clover, genetic and genomic tools and resour...

Perennial ryegrass (S23), timothy (S48), white clover (S100) and red clover (Hungaropoly), grown in culture solutions containing 0.2 x 5.0 x M-potassium iodide, showed relatively small differences in iodine uptake. The lowest uptake occurred with timothy, the species that also produced the lowest yields of dry matter. Red clover had the lowest concentration of iodine in the shoots on all treatm...

The effects of CO2 and tropospheric O3 on forest trees are increasingly the subject of experimental evaluation. Little is known, however, about he effects of these gases on understory plant taxa. At the Aspen free-air CO2 and O3 enrichment (Aspen FACE) site we assessed colonization and stablishment of two common forest understory species, red (Trifolium pratense) and white (Trifolium repens) cl...

The field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station of Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy (Lithuania) in 2017–2019. aim study to determine and compare weed spread caraway crop productivity sole (spring barley, spring wheat, pea, caraway), binary barley-caraway, wheat-caraway, pea-caraway) trinary barley-caraway-white clover, wheat-caraway-white pea-caraway-white clover)...

objective(s): to investigate the efficacy of interleukin 11 (il-11) towards the high dose methotrexate (hdmtx)-concurrent rat small intestinal mucositis and its impacts on the proliferation of the human t-lymphoblastic leukemia (cem) cell line. materials and methods:95 wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups, the normal control group (a), the methotrexate (mtx) control group (b), the...

objective: this study presents an efficient, cost-effective method to improve proliferation and colonization of spermatogonial stem cells (sscs) in vitro. methods: isolated sscs from neonate mice were cultured in dmem culture medium with 10% fetal bovine serum (fbs). in the first phase of the study, the temperature was controlled by low intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (lipus) of the pla...

Some modern agrochemicals with antioxidant potential were tested for their protective effect against ozone injury using clover and tobacco ozone-sensitive cultivars as model plants subjected to ambient ozone at two sites (Kyiv city in Ukraine and Szarów village in Poland). All used agrochemicals showed partial protective effects against ozone injury on clover and tobacco. Conducted studies conf...

Many forages experience significant proteolytic losses when preserved by ensiling. Such losses in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) are especially high, with degradation of 44 to 87% of the forage protein to nonprotein N (NPN). In contrast, red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) has up to 90% less proteolysis during ensiling. Here we demonstrate that the combination of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and o-dip...

The improved Wilson quark action – the clover action – is constructed to have smaller discretization errors than the normal Wilson quark action. We test this in a quenched spectroscopy computation on 6 lattice ensembles with spacings from 0.15 to 0.43 fm. To ensure that the dominant scaling violations come from the fermions we use an O(a) improved 6-link SU(3) pure gauge action. We find evidenc...

We have identified two Rhizobium meliloti genes (nodD2 and nodD3) that are highly homologous and closely linked to the regulatory gene nodD (nodD1). R. meliloti strains containing mutations in the three nodD genes in all possible combinations were constructed and their nodulation phenotypes were assayed on Medicago sativa (alfalfa) and Melilotus alba (sweet clover). A triple nodD1-nodD2-nodD3 m...