Organisations can be defined as a set of entities regulated by mechanisms of social order and created by more or less autonomous actors to achieve common goals. Multi-agent systems are a natural choice to design organisational systems due to the proactive and autonomous behaviour of agents. However, in business environments it is necessary to consider the behaviour of the global system and the ...

A key problem for models of joint action is to explain how co-ordination is established and sustained. Existing accounts emphasize the importance of interaction, demonstrating how collaborative feedback leads to more systematized, stable, and partner-specific referring conventions. However, in addition to conventionalizing referring expressions, recent work demonstrates how interlocutors also r...

Aid co-ordination is a constant theme of discussion among national and international aid agencies in their search for more effectiveness and efficiency in delivering development assistance. This paper seeks to clarify some of the arguments currently made in support of aid co-ordination, and to precise unavoidable trade-offs born of the existence of political costs. It is anchored in the availab...

We investigate how boundaries in knowledge control, sharing and co-ordination influence UK and German manufacturing firms’ innovation activity. Issues of knowledge control related to plant ownership are generally found to be unimportant for innovation, but knowledge sharing between plants affects innovation in UK plants with no in-house R&D capability. More important is that knowledge co-ordina...

Transfer of chirality during the build-up of molecules has been applied innumerable times in organic chemistry since the end of the 19th century, when it was introduced in the so-called asymmetric synthesis by E. Fischer. Although analogous reactions were introduced in co-ordination chemistry in its early development, diastereoselective reactions have not been applied in a very systematic way f...

Eye-head co-ordination of patients with Parkinsonism and cerebellar ataxia was investigated and compared with that of normal subjects. In Parkinsonian patients eye-head co-ordination was of the same pattern as normals, with an accurate and stable gaze. Reaction times for both eyes and head, however, were prolonged. It was also noted that the contribution of head movements to gaze shift was abno...

We report canonical and grand-canonical lattice Monte Carlo simulations of the self-assembly of addressable structures comprising hundreds of distinct component types. The nucleation behaviour, in the form of free-energy barriers to nucleation, changes significantly as the co-ordination number of the building blocks is changed from 4 to 8 to 12. Unlike tetrahedral structures - which roughly cor...

During anaphase, the spindle pulls the sister kinetochores apart until the sister chromatids are fully separated from each other. Subsequently, cytokinesis cleaves between the two separated chromosome masses to form two nucleated cells. Results from Schizosaccharomyces pombe suggested that cytokinesis and chromosome segregation are not co-ordinated with each other. However, recent studies indic...