Metacercariae of the trematode Curtuteria australis (Echinostomatidae) accumulate in the foot of the New Zealand cockle Austrovenus stutchburyi, severely impairing the cockle’s ability to burrow under the sediments. This results in increased predation by birds on cockles, and thus enhanced transmission rates of the parasite to its bird definitive hosts. This host manipulation by the trematode i...

Climate is a key driver of parasite transmission and disease dynamics. For trematode parasites, the high temperature sensitivity of transmission between first and second intermediate hosts may lead to higher infection rates with global warming, or spatially with warmer latitudes. However, spatial heterogeneities are common, and local factors are known to play crucial roles in determining infect...

This study aims to investigate the effects of geometric imperfections on buckling of thin cylindrical shells due to global shear. To this end, more than 320 finite element models of cylindrical shells with different diameter to thickness ratios were prepared. Random imperfections with different amplitudes were applied to numerical models. The results revealed that global buckling of cylindrical...

this study was carried out to clarify the feeding biology of the blood cockle ( anadara granosa ). we collected blood cockles from 8 stations in the matang mangrove estuary of malaysia in july and august 2010. the digestive tube contents of the specimens were stained with congo red and observed under a light microscope. the results showed blood cockles take in particles containing cellulose as ...

Background: Marine pollution is a global environmental problem that its monitoring by ideal biomonitors is of great importance. Marine organisms, especially mussels, have the ability to accumulate metals from the environment they can be considered as a biomonitoring agent. Methods: In this study, concentrations of heavy metals were measured in Saccostrea cucullata collected from seven sites on...

The present study aims at investigating stress and deformation behavior of rotating thick truncated conical shells subjected to variable internal pressure. Material prpperties of the shells are graded along the axial direction by Mori-tanaka scheme, which is achieved by elemental gradation of the properties.Governing equations are derived using principle of stsionary total potential (PSTP) and ...

A parametric study was carried out in order to investigate the buckling capacity of the vertically stiffened cylindrical shells. To this end ANSYS software was used. Cylindrical steel shells with different yield stresses, diameter-to-thickness ratios (D/t) and number of stiffeners were modeled and their buckling capacities were calculated by displacement control nonlinear static analysis.  Radi...

This research was conducted to evaluate the possibility using peanut shells compost as a suitable medium in cultivating ornamental plants. Effect of peanut shells composts on the growth of Viola tricolor and marigold was investigated during seven months. Peat + perlite (with a ratio of 2:1) used as control treatment and peat replaced by 25, 50, 75 and 100 % v/v of peanut shells compost. Plant g...