Abstract Objective: Brainstem, pontine, and cerebellar (infratentorial) stroke has been associated with motor cranial nerve dysfunction. However, case reports clinical observations suggest that cognitive impairment may be present. Acute inpatient rehabilitation is a critical time to implement interventions; however, intervention opportunities missed if providers are unaware of dysfunction do no...

Fourteen children who relapsed after initial remission of leukaemia were studied. Six received a second course of cranial radiotherapy, while the remaining eight children were given total body irradiation before bone marrow transplantation. The postirradiation somnolence syndrome was common after cranial radiotherapy. All children had mild/soft neurological signs, mostly of coordination. None h...

Cognitive impairment is consistently reported in children treated for brain tumors, particularly in the categories of processing speed, memory, and attention. Although tumor site, hydrocephalus, chemotherapy, and cranial radiation therapy (CRT) are all associated with poorer function, CRT predicts the greatest deficits. There is a particularly high correlation between CRT and slowed information...

OBJECTIVES Periventricular hemorrhagic infarction is a serious complication of germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants. Our objective was to determine the neurodevelopmental and adaptive outcomes of periventricular hemorrhagic infarction survivors and identify early cranial ultrasound predictors of adverse outcome. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated all cranial ultr...

A 38 year old woman who had undergone irradiation during infancy for a left facial cutaneous arteriovenous malformation sequentially developed complete palsies of the ipsilateral VII, V, XI, IX, X, XII and VI cranial nerves. Apart from optic and olfactory nerve damage there are few reports of radiotherapy causing cranial nerve injury. We link the unusually extensive and progressive neural damag...

Cranial radiotherapy induces progressive and debilitating declines in cognition that may, in part, be caused by the depletion of neural stem cells. The potential of using stem cell replacement as a strategy to combat radiation-induced cognitive decline was addressed by irradiating athymic nude rats followed 2 days later by intrahippocampal transplantation with human neural stem cells (hNSC). Me...

Background: Hemodialysis is a treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) that is an underlying factor of cognitive impairment in patients. Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and its associated factors in patients undergoing hemodialysis using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carri...

A transient cerebral disturbance characterized by somnolence of varying degree is described in children after cranial irradiation given as part of central nervous system (C.N.S.) prophylaxis for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in remission.Out of 28 such children receiving cranial irradiation as part of the Medical Research Council protocol for C.N.S. prophylaxis 11 (39%) developed pronounced sym...

Fifty-four consecutive children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were treated from August 1974 until December of 1976 at Rosewell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) according to a protocol which substituted cranial irradiation with systemic intermediate dose methotrexate (IDM) 500 mg/m2 each 3 weeks for a total of 3 courses immediately following induction. Of 54 patients, 52 went into remissio...